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Final Review Anatomy

Final Review Anatomy 2

QuestionAnswer
The structure that is called the “powerhouse” of the cell is the: cytoplasm. endoplasmic reticulum. mitochondria. Golgi apparatus. mitochondria
The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the: stomach. pancreas. heart. reproductive organs. heart
The lungs are located in the: thoracic cavity. mediastinum. abdominal cavity. cranial cavity. thoracic cavity.
A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides is called: sagittal. frontal. coronal. transverse. Sagittal.
From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.
The gallbladder lies in the: abdominal cavity. pelvic cavity. dorsal cavity. mediastinum. abdominal cavity.
The reproductive system includes all of the following except the: testes. dorsal cavity. mediastinum. ureter
Molecules are: atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates. electrons orbiting nuclei. a complex of electrons arranged in concentric shells. composed of cellular organelles. atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates.
A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region. right lumbar right hypochondriac hypogastric umbilical right hypochondriac
The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane. sagittal frontal transverse superficial transverse
The study of metabolism includes examination of: catabolism. anabolism. ATP requirements. all of the above. all of the above.
Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? Hydrogen Helium Oxygen Carbon Helium
Which of the following represents properties of water? High specific heat High heat of vaporization Strong polarity All of the above All of the above
Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? Sulfur Chlorine Iron Phosphorus Iron
An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. Group of answer choices electrons protons neutrons both protons and neutrons neutrons
The most abundant and important compound(s) in the body is(are): air. water. proteins. nucleic acids. water
Which of the following bonds are the weakest? Ionic Hydrogen Electrovalent Covalent Hydrogen
Atomic mass is determined by the number of: protons and electrons. neutrons and electrons. neutrons, protons, and electrons. protons and neutrons. protons and neutrons.
The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? Four
A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. 12; 13; 10
The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: receptor proteins. glycoproteins. rafts in the cell membrane. phospholipid bilayer. phospholipid bilayer.
Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? Contain protein Composed of a large unit and a small unit Surrounded by a membrane structure Contain RNA Surrounded by a membrane structure
Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? Nucleolus Ribosome Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus Golgi apparatus
Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: microfilaments. chromatin. nucleotides. microtubules. chromatin
Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? Energy production Protein synthesis Cell division Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates Cell division
The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? Cholesterol Protein Phospholipids Glycoproteins Cholesterol
The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: cholesterol molecules. phospholipid molecules. glycoprotein molecules. channel proteins. glycoprotein molecules.
The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae? Golgi apparatus Mitochondrion Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosome Mitochondrion
The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called: microvilli. flagella. cilia. All cell extensions contain microfilaments. microvilli
The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the: mitochondria. proteasomes. peroxisomes. lysosomes. peroxisomes
The mixed secretions of sebaceous and ceruminous glands form a brown waxy substance called the sebum. keratin. melanin. cerumen. cerumen
The union of basal and fibroreticular laminae forms the epithelial membrane. serous membrane. interstitial membrane. basement membrane. basement membrane.
Which of the following is an example of a serous membrane? pleura peritoneum pericardium All of these are examples of a serous membrane. All of these are examples of a serous membrane.
Besides water, extracellular matrix contains proteins and lipids. proteins and proteoglycans
Which of the following is not a primary germ layer? endoderm ectoderm mesoderm epiderm Epiderm
Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? stratum basale stratum lucidum stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinsosum stratum corneum
The epidermis is composed of several types of epithelial cells. One type, called keratinocytes, become filled with a tough, fibrous protein called melanin. keratin. stratum lucidum. eleidin. keratin
Around the sixth month of pregnancy, the developing fetus is almost entirely covered by a fine soft hair coat called the lanugo. papilla. vellus. sebum. lanugo
Mesoderm interacts with endoderm and ectoderm to give rise to the heart. skeletal muscles. mesenchyme. all of the above None of the above All of the above
Which of the following contains intercalated disks? smooth muscle striated muscle cardiac muscle blood cardiac muscle
The bone that articulates with the temporal bone in the only movable joint of the skull is the maxilla. zygomatic. mandible. lacrimal. mandible
Which two bones compose the shoulder girdle? humerus and ulna ulna and clavicle clavicle and scapula humerus and scapula clavicle and scapula
Fibrocartilage can be found in the articular surfaces. middle ear. nasal cavity. symphysis pubis. symphysis pubis.
Cartilage is classified as _____ tissue. epithelial muscle nerve connective connective
Which bone is the longest and heaviest bone in the body? tibia fibula femur humerus femur
The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the epiphysis. articular cartilage. periosteum. diaphysis. Periosteum
Which of the following bones form the framework of the hand? metacarpals metatarsals carpals tarsals metacarpals
What structures firmly hold the foot bones firmly in their arched position? cartilage and tendons ligaments and cartilage muscles and cartilage ligaments and tendons ligaments and tendons
Where would you find a tarsal bone? wrist hand shin foot Foot
The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the sacroiliac. pubic symphysis. pelvic outlet. true pelvis. pubic symphysis.
Which of the following body systems assists the muscles in maintaining posture? Digestive Endocrine Excretory All of the above All of the above
Which of the following is not a muscle that moves the thigh? Adductor longus Gracilis Iliopsoas Sacrospinalis Sacrospinalis
Another name for a sphincter muscle is a _____ muscle. spiral circular fusiform convergent Circular
The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? Extensor Abductor Flexor Adductor Flexor
The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Which of the following is true? The knee is acting as a fulcrum.
All of the following muscles are part of the rotator cuff muscles except the: deltoid. infraspinatus. supraspinatus. teres minor. Deltoid
The covering of individual muscle fibers is the: epimysium. endomysium. periosteum. perimysium. endomysium
The prime mover can also be called the: antagonist. agonist. fixator. synergist. agonist
Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the: ulna and humerus. clavicle and scapula. humerus. ulna and radius. clavicle and scapula.
Which of the following statements is incorrect? The origin of the muscle is attached to the bone that does not move. The insertion of the muscle is attached to the bone that moves. When the muscle contracts, the insertion moves toward the origin. All of the above are correct.
Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called the: endoneurium. perineurium. macroneurium. epineurium. Perineurium
Which of the following is not a function of the central nervous system (CNS)? Integrating sensory information Evaluating the information Initiating an outgoing response All of the above are functions of the CNS. All of the above are functions of the CNS.
Dendrites conduct impulses _____ cell bodies. toward away from within None of the above is correct. Toward
The nervous system can be divided: according to its structure. according to direction of information flow. by control of effectors. in all of the above ways. in all of the above ways.
The nervous system is organized to do which of the following? Detect changes in the external environment. Detect changes in the internal environment. Evaluate changes in the environment. All of the above are true. All of the above
Regeneration of nerve fibers will take place only if the cell body is intact and the fibers have: nodes of Ranvier. a neurilemma. a myelin sheath. neurofibrils. a neurilemma.
Which is true of a reflex arc? It always consists of an afferent neuron & an efferent neuron. It always consists of an afferent neuron, an efferent neuron, & an interneuron. It always consists of an afferent neuron, an efferent neuron, the brain... It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron.
The lymphatic system, like the circulatory system, is a closed circuit. False
Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier? Water Carbon dioxide Glucose Dopamine Dopamine
Which of the following is the deepest connective tissue layer of a nerve? Endoneurium Perineurium Epineurium Fascicle Endoneurium
The innermost layer of the meninges is the: pia mater. arachnoid membrane. dura mater. None of the above is correct. Pia mater.
All cell bodies of the autonomic nervous system are located within the CNS. False
Small branches from the cervical plexus join which two cranial nerves? Vagus and hypoglossal Vagus and accessory Hypoglossal and accessory Glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal Vagus and hypoglossal
Which of the following is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve? Zygomatic nerve Ophthalmic nerve Maxillary nerve Mandibular nerve Zygomatic nerve
The phrenic nerve is found in the _____ plexus. cervical brachial lumbar sacral Cervical
The brainstem does not include the: pons. medulla. midbrain. cerebellum. cerebellum
The spinal tract is located on the side of the cord, originates in the brain, and terminates in the spinal cord in the _____ tract. lateral corticospinal ventral spinothalamic dorsal corticospinal lateral spinothalamic lateral spinothalamic
Which part of the brain releases the hormone melatonin? Hypothalamus Thalamus Pineal gland Cerebellum Pineal Gland
The main divisions of the central nervous system are the: brain, spinal cord, and autonomic nerves. brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. brain and spinal cord. sensory division and motor division. brain and spinal cord.
Which of the following is a correct statement? There are 5 lumbar nerve pairs. There are 11 thoracic nerve pairs. There are 5 cervical nerve pairs. All of the above are correct statements. There are 5 lumbar nerve pairs.
Largest purely endocrine gland in the body. hypophysis adrenal gland thymus gland thyroid gland pancreas thyroid gland
Which of the following areas has the highest concentration of cones? the ora serrata retinae the optic disc the macula lutea the fovea centralis the fovea centralis
The basilar membrane supports the spiral lamina. spiral ganglion. spiral organ. modiolus. bony labyrinth. spiral organ.
Gustatory cells are located in all of the following areas except on the posterior wall of the pharynx. on the fungiform papillae of the anterior tongue. on the apical surface of vallate papillae on the tongue. on the inner surface of the cheeks. on the inner surface of the cheeks.
Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months? the thyroid the pancreas the ovary the pituitary the thyroid
Class of hormones secreted during chronic stress that depress immune function. Group of answer choices androgens gonadotrophins mineralocorticoids amino acid-based hormones glucocorticoids glucocorticoids
Bony labyrinth structure containing the utricle and saccule. vestibule macula densa macula lutea scala vestibule ora serrate vestibule
Which of the following minerals is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? calcium iron copper iodine iodine
The hormone produced by the heart increases the excretion of sodium in the urine. increases calcium levels in the blood. is secreted in response to low blood volumes. decreases urine output. increases the excretion of sodium in the urine.
Region of the hypophysis that contains secretory endocrine cells derived from the oral ectoderm. infundibulum pars tuberalis adenohypophysis tuber cinerum neurohypophysis adenohypophysis
The brachiocephalic vein drains blood from the right posterior wall of the thorax and abdomen. head, neck, and upper extremity. kidneys. lower trunk and extremity. head, neck, and upper extremity.
During fetal circulation, what opening in the septum, between the right and left atria, directs most of the blood so that it bypasses the fetal lungs? ductus venosus ductus arteriosus foramen ovale placenta foramen ovale
Renal veins drain blood from the eyes. hands. pelvic region. kidneys. kidneys.
Microscopic vessels that carry blood from small arteries to small veins are capillaries.
The type of membranous tissue that lines the heart and blood vessels is the endocardium. endothelium. serous pericardium. fibrous pericardium. endothelium
A graphic record of the heart’s electrical activity is a(n) ECG. EEG. CAT scan. MRI. ECG
After blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the right atrium. left atrium. right ventricle. left ventricle. left atrium.
The free edges of the atrioventricular valves are anchored to the papillary muscles.
Which division of the autonomic nervous system sends fibers to the heart? sympathetic parasympathetic somatic both A and B sympathetic, parasympathetic
The heart has its own special covering, a loose-fitting inextensible sac called the pericardium
Hassall corpuscles are part of the: thymus. spleen. tonsils. thoracic duct. thymus
The tonsils located near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity are called the _____ tonsils. Group of answer choices palatine pharyngeal lingual laryngeal
Created by: Maru88
 

 



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