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Endocrine Emerg

QuestionAnswer
Endocrine Glands secret hormones directly into bloodstream
Exocrine Glands secret hormones through a duct
Hormones Chemical substance that causes physiological effects
Pancreases Controls Blood Glucose (insulin/glucagon)
Alpha Cells Glucagon (INCREASES BGL)
Beta Cells Insulin (LOWERS BGL)
Insulin is the... Key to unlock the cell to allow glucose to enter
Glucagon released by the ALPHA cells when BGL is low Glucagon RAISES BGL
Gluconeogenesis glucagon converted back to glucose
Glycogenolysis BREAKING DOWN of glycogen in the liver to distribute back out to body
Your pt. BGL is low..... Alpha cells secret glucagon - glycogenolysis
Insulin lowers blood sugar
Type 1 Kills beta cells / Autoimmune disorder THEY NEED INSULIN Without insulin glucose cannot enter the cell - cell cannot product efficient energy DKA /Hyperglycemia 300+
Type 2 Resistance of the body to insulin at a cellular level Obesity
DKA signs and symptoms Type 1, The three P’s, High BGL, Kussmaul Resp (rapid fruity breath), abdominal pain, Acidosis Metabolic pH less than 7.35 Treatment: LOTS of fluids It is hypovolemic shock
Three P's of Hyperglycemia Polyuria Polydipsia Polyphagia
Polyuria frequent/long-lasting urination dehydration (water follows sugar out)
Polydipsia Thirsty
Polyphagia Hunger (Cells r telling the body we dont have any glucose)
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS) -Not breathing off ketones BGL over 600 BGL +600, type 2, dehydration, AMS, NO Kussmauls
Hyperglycemia s/s Hours to days Warm Dry 3 P's Kussmaul resps - DKA Sweet breath - DKA Infection is common Treatment: Fluids
Hypoglycemia s/s Immediate Pale, cool, moist Breathing can be shallow is mental status is decreased Treatment: Oral glucose, Glucagon IM, Dextrose IV
Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) low thyroid hormones in the blood s/s: heart problems, peripheral neuropathy Treatment: Atropine 1mg, Pace them if needed
Hyperthyroidism (Grave's Disease) Autoimmune disease - overactivity of the thyroid s/s: Goiter in neck, exophthalmos (bug eyes)
Thyrotoxic Crisis Hyperthyroidism pt. takes too much of their meds S/S: high hr, high bp, high temp Treatment: External cooling, beta blockers, fluids
Hyperadrenalism adrenal gland is dumping too much cortisol - Cushing Syndrome
Cushing Syndrome Due to hyperadrenalism - round face, weight gain, fat in upper back/base of neck, purple striae
Hypoadrenalism (Addison's Disease) not pumping enough cortisol out, not functioning well Addison's: not enough cortisol from adrenal glands - Causes: autoimmue, cancer, chemo, hypoglycemic -Treatment: Epi drip, Dopamine, keep warm, (support sympathetic)
Cortisol helps you cope with stress
Created by: alexisbarrientes
 

 



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