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Psychology
Chapter 5 Sec 1-5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The awareness of things that are both inside and outside ourselves | Consciousness |
| Level at which many basic biological functions occur, such as breathing | Nonconscious |
| Focus on a particular stimulus | Selective attention |
| A concept, model, or schematic idea that cannot be measured | Construct |
| State in which a person’s sense of self or sense of the world changes | Altered state |
| Inability to sleep | Insomnia |
| Breathing interruption that occurs during sleep | Sleep apnea |
| Sequence of bodily changes that occurs in humans every 24 hours | Circadian rhythm |
| Rare sleep problem in which people suddenly fall asleep | Narcolepsy |
| Stage of sleep during which the eyes move rapidly beneath the lids | REM sleep |
| “I am an altered state of consciousness during which people respond to suggestions and behave as though they are in a trance.” | Hypnosis |
| “I am a technique in which a therapist gives instructions during hypnosis that are to be carried out after the session has ended.” | Posthypnotic Suggestions |
| “I am something that causes a response.” | Stimulus |
| “I am a method some people use to try to narrow their consciousness and make the stresses of the outside world fade away.” | Meditation |
| “I am a system that provides information about something happening in the body.” | Biofeedback |
| “We are drugs that produce hallucinations.” | Hallucinogens |
| “We are drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system.” | Stimulants |
| “We are drugs that slow the activity of the nervous system.” | Depressants |
| “We are stimulants that help people stay awake and reduce appetite.” | Amphetamines |
| “We are addictive depressants that have been used to relieve pain and induce sleep.” | Narcotics |
| Like intelligence and emotion, consciousness is considered a psychological _______________________ because it cannot be seen or measured. | Construct |
| The ability to ignore distractions, such as background noise, to pay attention to one thing is due to _______________________ attention. | Selective |
| _______________________ ideas are not in your awareness now but can be recalled or remembered. | Preconscious |
| According to Sigmund Freud, people have an_______________________ mind that contains information not available to awareness under most circumstances. | Unconscious |
| A person dozing off to sleep experiences an _______________________ state of consciousness. | Altered |
| Our periods of wakefulness and sleep are governed by our bodies’ Rapid Eye Movements. | False, Circadian rhythms |
| Most vivid dreams occur during the REM phase of sleep. | True |
| Sleep Apneas are disturbing dreams that are similar to, but more severe than, nightmares. | False, Night terrors |
| Sleepwalkers may roam around during stages of deep sleep. | True |
| Anxiety and tension can sometimes be causes of Insomnia or other sleep-related issues. | True |
| _______________________ training enables people to control bodily functions previously regarded as not subject to conscious control. | Biofeedback |
| Meditation techniques generally focus on a peaceful, repetitive _______________________ to help people relax, such as a light or a chanted syllable. | Stimulus |
| A therapist might use a _______________________ suggestion to help a person break a habit, such as smoking or overeating. | Posthypnotic |
| Some therapists have used _______________________ to help people recover memories or to prevent pain. | Hypnosis |
| Meditation, biofeedback, and hypnosis are all possible ways of achieving an _______________________ state of consciousness. | Altered |
| Intoxication is another word for Depression. | False, Drunkenness |
| Addiction to a drug means that a person's body craves that drug to feel normal. | True |
| A Hallucination is a perception of an object that seems real but is not. | True |
| A euphoria is a false idea that seems real. | False, Delusion |
| Treatment for addiction often includes stimulation, the removal of the harmful substance from the body. | False, Detoxification |
| Some people take _______________________ to increase their wakefulness or alertness or to reduce their appetites. | Amphetamine |
| The belief that one can fly is an example of a _______________________. | Delusion |
| Drugs that cause people to perceive things that are not really there are called _______________________. | Hallucinogens |
| _______________________ can make people feel relaxed but can also have many dangerous side effects. | Depressants |
| Some drugs can cause feelings of _______________________, or great happiness, among other effects. | Euphoria |
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