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psych ch 15
key ideas
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| medical perspective | symptoms rooted is psychological causes |
| psychoanalytic | Stems from childhood conflicts over opposing wishes regarding sex and aggression |
| behavioral aggression | Viewed as learned response |
| cognitive perspective | Assumes that cognitions (people's thoughts and beliefs) are central to a person’s abnormal behavior |
| humanistic perspective | Emphasizes responsibility that people have over their own behavior even if the behavior is seen as abnormal |
| sociocultural perspective | Shaped by family, group, society, and culture |
| The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-V) | s the standard system used in the United States to diagnose and classify abnormal behavior devised by the American Psychiatric Association. |
| anxiety | occurs without external justification and begins to affect a person’s daily functioning |
| phobic disorder | Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations |
| panic disorder | Anxiety that is not triggered by any identifiable stimulus and last from a few seconds to several hours |
| general anxiety disorder | Experience long term persistent anxiety |
| obsession | persistent, unwanted thought or idea that keeps recurring |
| compulsive | Urge to repeatedly carry out some act that seems strange and unreasonable, even to the individual who experiences them |
| somatofoam disorders | psychological difficulties characterized by physical (somatic forms), but for which there is no medical cause |
| hypochondrias | onstant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health |
| conversion disorder | Involves an actual physical disturbance, such as the inability to hear or see, or to move an arm or leg whose cause is purely psychological |
| dissociative disorder | individual displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities |
| dissoacitive identity disorder (multiple personality disorder) | individual displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities |
| amnesia | A disorder in which a significant selective memory loss occurs |
| fugue | An amnesiac condition where an individual leaves home and sometimes assume a new identity |
| mood disorders | Disturbances in emotion such strong to intrude on everyday life |
| major depression | a severe form of depression that interferes with depression, decision making, and sociability |
| bipolar disorder | A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression |
| schizophrenia | Class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs |
| personality disorder | disordered characterized by inflexible, maladaptive personality traits that do not permit the person to function appropriately as members of society |
| naracasstic personality disorder | exaggerated sense of self importance. |
| antisocial personaility disorder | characterized by no regard for moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others |
| boderline personailty disorder | characterized by their difficulty in developing a secure sense of who they are |
| attention deficit disorder | marked by inattention, impulsiveness, low tolerance for frustration, and generally a great deal of inappropriate activity |
| autism | severe developmental disability that impairs children's ability to communicate and relate to others |
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