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Chapter 1, 3, 7, 8
Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Clara Barton | Known as the "Angel of the Battlefield" during the US Civil War. She was the first president of the Red Cross Association. |
| Dorothea Dix | Activist for mental health care. Superintendent of female nurses in the Army in 1861 and was a retired teacher. |
| Florence Nightingale | She established modern nursing. Attended the Kaiserworth School in Germany in 1851. Took care of patients during the Crimean War. |
| Mary Mohoney | First African American Nurse in the US. Established the National Association for Colored Graduate Nurses. |
| Linda Richards | The first "trained nurse" in the US. Graduated from Boston's New England Hospital of Women and Children in 1872. |
| Isabel Hampton Robb | An activist for nursing labor reform in the late 1800s. |
| Great Trio: Mary Adelaide Nutting, Lillian Wald, and Annie Goodrich | Three nurses made great strides in nursing education and community health nursing. |
| Mary Adelaide Nutting | Graduated in the first nursing class from John Hopkins University; became the first professor in nursing. |
| Lillian Wald | Known as the first to visiting nurse, opened the Henry Street Settlement to provide health care to the poor. |
| Annie Goodrich | Devoted to establishing nursing as a profession. She served as the director of Visiting Nursing Service at the Henry Street Settlement. |
| The first training program for practical nurses was established in New York City at the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA). | 1892 |
| Nurse Associated Alumnae of the United States was formed in Baltimore, Maryland to oversee training to protect patients from incompetent nurses. | 1897 |
| Some states began to pass laws requiring the licensure of nurses. | 1900s |
| All states required practical nurses to be licensed. The title licensed practical nurse, or LPN. | 1955 |
| Entry-Level Education | Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse, Registered Nurse (Associate Degree), Registered Nurse (Diploma Program), Registered Nurse (Baccalaureate Degree). |
| Advanced Practice Education | Masters of Science in Nursing (MSN) and Doctorate in Nursing (PhD, DNP). |
| Scope of Practice | The limitations and allowances of what they can do nurses. |
| Nurse Practice Act | Law governing nurses' actions, specifically address each level of nursing. |
| Nurse Practice Acts and Scope of Practice. SAFETY: | It is your your responsibility to know the content of the nurse practice act in your state regarding your scope of practice and to follow it faithfully. |
| Characteristics of Nurses | Being responsible, honest, caring, and organized. |
| Unprofessional Conduct | Use of drugs or alcohol, diversion of drugs, failure to adequately care for patients, and criminal conduct. |
| LPN/PVN Student Organizations | Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA), and the National Association of Licensed Practical Nurses (NALPN). |
| Jean Watson | Caring theory; nursing is an interpersonal process. (1979) |
| Evidence-based Practice (EBP) | A problem-solving approach to delivering health care. This approach uses the best evidence from nursing research studies and patient care data; it also considers the patient's preferences and values. |
| Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) | Established in 2005. Focuses on the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) needed by nurses to continually improve the quality and safety of patient care. |
| Patient-Centered Care | The patient and their family members as the center of care and as a full partner as nurses provide compassionate and coordinated care. |
| Teamwork and Collaboration | Function effectively within the nursing team and with other professionals by showing mutual respect, open communication and shared decision making to achieve quality patient care. |
| Evidence-Based Practice | Integrates the best practices proven with research and evidence and the clinical expertise to deliver excellent patient care while still taking into consideration the patient's preferences and values. |
| Quality Improvement | Requires that review and evaluate your care and use that data to improve your processes. Improve the quality and safety of health care systems based on the results of those reviews and evaluations. |
| Safety | Ways to prevent risk and harm to patients and health care workers. |
| Informatics | Emphasizes the use of technology to communicate, manage data, and prevent errors. |
| Clinical Judgement | The quality nurses develop to know when to act and when to wait and watch. |
| Professionalism in Nursing | You represent all nurses to your patients and their families, so it is extremely important to be professional in appearance and behavior. |
| Value | Related to your belief of something's worth may differ from the values of others around you. |
| Ethics | Are made up of the values that influence your decisions and behavior. |
| Ethical Dilemma | Situation in which a decision must be made between two opposing alternatives when there is not an exact right or wrong answer. |
| Ethical Patient Care | Patients have the right to be treated with respect, dignity, honesty, and compassion. |
| Civility | Treating others with courtesy, politeness, and respect, even if you disagree with what they think or believe. |
| Advocate | A patient means to stand up for that which is in the patient's best interest, as opposed to that which is in the best interest of the healthcare provider, hospital, or staff. |
| Empathy | Is the awareness of and insight into another person's feelings emotions, and behaviors; and their meaning and significance. |
| Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation (DNAR) | An order not to resuscitate a patient if they stop breathing or their heart stops beating. |
| Abandonment of Patient | To desert or forsake a patient in your charge; to leave a patient in your charge without appropriate nursing replacement; wrongful termination of care. |
| Advance Directive | A written statement indicating a patient's wishes regarding future medical care in the event the patient becomes unable to voice their decisions; it may give consent for certain aspects of care as well as refusal of specific care. |
| Assault | To purposely threaten physical harm to an individual. |
| Battery | To touch an individual without consent. |
| Competency | The legal qualification to make one's own decisions. |
| Consent | To give permission for, to agree to; the consent generally must be written. |
| Durable Medical Power of Attorney | Legal written designation making another person responsible for one's medical decisions. |
| Emancipated Minor | Legal consideration of one younger than 18 years as an adult because the person lives alone and is self-supporting, has joined the military, is married, or is a parent. |
| Liability | One's responsibility for own actions, such as acts of negligence. |
| Malpractice | Injury, loss, or damage to a patient because of failure to provide a reasonable standard of care or demonstrate a reasonable level of skill. |
| Negligence | Failure to provide certain care that another person of the same education and locale would generally provide under the same circumstances. |
| Statute | A written law |
| Tort | A violation of a civil law; involves a wrong against an individual or their property. |
| Constitutional Law | Protect our constitutional rights. (U.S. Bill of Rights) |
| Criminal Law | Protect the public or society as a whole. |
| Civil Law | Protect an individual's personal rights, which include most health-care issues. |
| Types of Abuse that MUST BE REPORTED | Children abuse, elderly abuse, and domestic abuse. |
| Good Samaritan Law | Provides protection to the voluntary caregiver at sites of accidents and emergencies. |
| Patient Health Record | The health record does not belong to the patient, but is the property of the hospital or of the physician in medical office setting. |
| HIPPA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
| Informed Consent | Voluntary agreement made by a well-advised, mentally competent patient to be treated by a health-care provider or institution. |
| Advance Directives | Written documents that provide guidelines for making medical decisions in the event a person becomes incapacitated and is unable to make their wishes known. |
| Incident Reports | May also be known as unusual occurrence reports or variance reports. |
| Delegation | The process for a nurse to direct another person to perform nursing tasks and activities. |
| 5 Rights of delegation in 1997: | The right task, under the right circumstances, to the right person, with the right directions and communication, and under the right supervision evaluation. |
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