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chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
The number of existing cases of a disease is known as its incidence. false
If a disease occurs in unusually large numbers over a specific area, it is said to be epidemic. true
The source of an infectious agent is known as a reservoir. true
Transmission by direct contact also occurs when infectious agents are expelled in droplets produced by sneezing or coughing. true
Contaminated inanimate objects are called fomites, and these can also transmit infection. true
Food and beverages can transmit infectious disease, such as through the fecal–oral route. true
Punctures, injections, bites, and surgery that allow microorganisms to be deposited directly into the tissue below the skin is known as the parenteral route of infection. true
Healthcare facilities are a major reservoir for opportunistic pathogens that can cause nosocomial infections. true
Normal flora microorganisms may become harmful and become opportunistic pathogens. true
Handwashing prevents foodborne illnesses as well as those transmitted by respiratory droplets. true
Prion diseases usually progress rapidly and are currently untreatable and fatal. true
Viruses are not considered living organisms because they do not independently grow, metabolize, or reproduce. true
Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms. true
Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms. true
Viral infections can be treated with a variety of antibiotics false
Antibiotic resistance arises when bacteria adapt to antibiotics. true
A pathogen is a _____. disease-causing microorganism
Infectious diseases transmitted directly by human contact are said to be _____. contagious or communicable
Tracking the _____ of a disease is tracking the number of new cases of a disease in a population. incidence
_ transmission of an infectious disease occurs when a pathogen can withstand the environment outside of its host for a long period of time before infecting another individual. Indirect horizontal
The most common type of nosocomial infections are _____. urinary tract infections
A weakened patient, such as one with a weakened immune system, is an ideal target for an _____ pathogen. opportunistic
_ of potentially infectious materials, like surfaces in patient's rooms and linens, is necessary to prevent transmission. disinfection
Of all methods, _____ may be the most effective way to protect personal and public health from infectious diseases, such as the elimination of smallpox. vaccinations
A _____ is an infectious agent composed only of proteins. prion
Viruses are infectious particles with a core of genetic material wrapped in a _____. capsid
The human papillomavirus is linked to _____ cancer. cervical
Pneumocystis jirovecii causes an opportunistic form of pneumonia, one of the diagnostic indicator diseases for _____ AIDS
_____ is a highly contagious disease caused by the rubeola virus. Measles
Rubella (German measles) is caused by the rubella _____. virus
Created by: user-2008470
 

 



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