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Med term Ch 7B
Med term Ch 7B Terms and Defs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| thoracodynia | chest pain |
| Pulmonology | medical specialty concerned with disorders of the respiratory system |
| pulmonologist | physician who treats disorders of the respiratory system |
| COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) | respiratory disorders that produce a chronic partial obstruction of the air passages |
| dyspnea | bad breathing |
| bronchospasms | spasms in the bronchial passages |
| paroxysmal | sudden and violent |
| productive cough | coughing that produce large amounts of mucus |
| exacerbation | flare ups |
| mucolytics | agents that loosen and breakdown mucus |
| bronchodilators | medications that expand the bronchi |
| status asthmaticus | life threatening condition, occurring when treatment doesn't reverse bronghospasm |
| chronic bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi cause mainly by smoking |
| expectorants | medications that aid in the removal of mucus |
| emphysema | decreased elasticity of the alveoli |
| dilate | expand |
| orthopnea | find it easier to breathe when sitting upright or standing erect |
| pneumonia | an inflammatory condition affecting the lungs |
| consolitation | swollen and enlarged |
| aspiration pneumonias | inhaled substances such as food, vomitu, or liquids |
| pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) | type of pneumonia closely associated with aids |
| normal flora | an organism that resides in or on most people |
| opportunistic | when the immune system begins to fail, this organism becomes infectious |
| mucopurulent sputum | coughing up sputum containing white cells |
| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | condition in which the lung no longer functioning effectively, threatening the life of the patient |
| systemic infections | infections that affect the entire body |
| neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) | respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants or infants born to diabetic mothers |
| sepsis | infection that affects the blood |
| bronchogenic carcinoma | lung cancer |
| metastize | spread |
| abnormal breathing sounds | abnormal sounds or noises heard over the lungs and airways |
| crackle | intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture filled alveoli; aka rale |
| stridor | high-pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the paper airway |
| rhonchus | continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring |
| wheeze | whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway |
| acidosis | excessive acidity of body fluids |
| anosmia | absence of the sense of ssmell |
| apnea | disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep |
| central sleep apnea | form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles |
| obstructive sleep apnea | most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow of air to the lungs |
| mixed sleep apnea | type of sleep apnea that occurs when central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea occur simultaniously |
| atelectasis | collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affect all or part of the lung |
| coryza | acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose, also called rhinitis |
| croup | common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes the lungs |
| cystic fibrosis | life-threatening genetic disease causing mucus to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas |
| deviated septum | displacement of the cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes causes nosebleed |
| epiglottitis | severe, life threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between ages 2 and 12 years |
| epistaxis | nasal hemorrhage, also called nosebleed |
| hypoxemia | oxygen deficiency in arterial blood, which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia |
| hypoxia | oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of h e body that commonly causes cyanosis |
| influenza | acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain, especially in the back, arms, and legs, aka the flu |
| pertussis | acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic "whoop" sound, also called the whooping cough |
| pleural effusion | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs |
| empyema | exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity (aka pyothorax) |
| pneumonothorax | presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by blunt or penetrating chest injury or thoracic surgery |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing |
| pulmonary edema | accumulation of extravascular fluid in lungs tissues and alveoli |
| pulmonary embolism | blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter that has traveled to the lungs from another part of the body |
| sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than 12 months |
| tuberculosis (TB) | potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets |
Created by:
tuckerea