How does a neuron send a signal along its length?

A neuron sends signals through an action potential: sodium ions rush in to depolarize the membrane, then potassium ions exit to repolarize it. This electrical wave travels down the axon to pass the message to the next cell.

What does the somatic nervous system control in the body?

The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, such as using your hands, walking, and speaking.

What is the main function of hormones released by endocrine glands?

Endocrine gland hormones help regulate body processes such as growth, metabolism, stress response, and reproduction.

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary body functions like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.

What is the main purpose of digestion?

Digestion breaks food down into smaller molecules the body can use for energy, growth, and repair.

What happens during absorption in the digestive system?

Absorption is when nutrients from digested food pass into the bloodstream to be delivered to the body’s cells.

Where does most chemical digestion occur?

Most chemical digestion happens in the small intestine, where enzymes break food into usable nutrients.

How are fats transported after digestion?

Fats are packaged into chylomicrons and carried through the lymphatic system before entering the bloodstream.

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

Its main function is to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide.

What is the main goal of the body’s acid–base balance?

Its goal is to keep the blood pH stable by using buffers, the lungs, and the kidneys to prevent the body from becoming too acidic or too alkaline.

What helps the body maintain proper acid–base balance?

The body uses buffers, the lungs, and the kidneys to keep blood pH stable and prevent harmful shifts in acidity or alkalinity.

Where does gas exchange happen in the lungs?

Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it.

What does lung volume measure?

Lung volume measures how much air the lungs can hold during breathing.

What is one main function of the lymphatic system?

It helps return excess fluid to the bloodstream and supports immune defense.

What is the primary role of the immune system?

Its role is to protect the body by identifying and attacking harmful pathogens.

What is the main job of the heart?

The heart pumps blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients.

What do the senses allow the body to do?

They allow the body to detect and respond to changes in the environment.

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Study set 7-13

Question	Answer
How does a neuron send a signal along its length?	A neuron sends signals through an action potential: sodium ions rush in to depolarize the membrane, then potassium ions exit to repolarize it. This electrical wave travels down the axon to pass the message to the next cell.
What does the somatic nervous system control in the body?	The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, such as using your hands, walking, and speaking.
What is the main function of hormones released by endocrine glands?	Endocrine gland hormones help regulate body processes such as growth, metabolism, stress response, and reproduction.
What does the autonomic nervous system control?	The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary body functions like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
What is the main purpose of digestion?	Digestion breaks food down into smaller molecules the body can use for energy, growth, and repair.
What happens during absorption in the digestive system?	Absorption is when nutrients from digested food pass into the bloodstream to be delivered to the body’s cells.
Where does most chemical digestion occur?	Most chemical digestion happens in the small intestine, where enzymes break food into usable nutrients.
How are fats transported after digestion?	Fats are packaged into chylomicrons and carried through the lymphatic system before entering the bloodstream.
What is the main function of the respiratory system?	Its main function is to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide.
What is the main goal of the body’s acid–base balance?	Its goal is to keep the blood pH stable by using buffers, the lungs, and the kidneys to prevent the body from becoming too acidic or too alkaline.
What helps the body maintain proper acid–base balance?	The body uses buffers, the lungs, and the kidneys to keep blood pH stable and prevent harmful shifts in acidity or alkalinity.
Where does gas exchange happen in the lungs?	Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it.
What does lung volume measure?	Lung volume measures how much air the lungs can hold during breathing.
What is one main function of the lymphatic system?	It helps return excess fluid to the bloodstream and supports immune defense.
What is the primary role of the immune system?	Its role is to protect the body by identifying and attacking harmful pathogens.
What is the main job of the heart?	The heart pumps blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients.
What do the senses allow the body to do?	They allow the body to detect and respond to changes in the environment.

Created by: samira.sadat

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