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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the primary function of insulin? | To lower blood glucose by helping glucose enter cells—especially muscle and fat cells. |
| Which gland is known as the “master gland”? | The pituitary gland, because it regulates many other endocrine glands |
| Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right? | It pumps blood to the whole body, requiring more force |
| What is the main pacemaker of the heart? | The SA node (sinoatrial node), which initiates the heartbeat. |
| Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system? | In the alveoli of the lungs |
| : What is tidal volume? | The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing |
| What is the primary function of the small intestine? | Nutrient absorption (carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals). |
| What enzyme begins chemical digestion of carbohydrates | Amylase, found in saliva and pancreatic secretions |
| What is the main functional unit of the kidney? | The nephron, which filters blood and forms urine. |
| What hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys? | ADH (antidiuretic hormone), which prevents dehydration. |