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p final exam 51-100
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of the diaphysis? | Provides a bulbous shape for attachment of muscle |
| As the activity of osteoblasts increases, the: | amount of calcium in bone increases. level of calcium in the blood decreases. both b and c can occur |
| If there is an injury to the occipital bone you may expect that which sense is damaged? | vision |
| The following are functions of bone except for | support. protection. mineral storage. hematopoiesis. All of the above are functions of the bone |
| Young children’s bones have a greater risk of fracturing because of incompletely ossified bone. | false |
| An open fracture is also known as a compound fracture. | true |
| Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are | osteoblasts |
| Bones act as a reservoir for which of the following minerals? | Calcium Phosphorus Both B and C |
| Normally, bone loss will begin to exceed bone gain between the ages of _____ years. | 35 and 40 |
| A condition that is caused by an abnormally increased roundness in the thoracic curvature is | kyphosis |
| The type of movement possible at a synovial joint depends on the: | shape of the articulating surfaces of the bones |
| All of the following are characteristics of smooth muscle except: | thin and thick filaments are aligned in sarcomeres like skeletal muscles. |
| Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding heat production? | The body temperature set point is established by the hypothalamus. Shivering will increase body temperature. Body temperature functions on a negative-feedback mechanism. All of the above are correct. |
| Which structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions? | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| Endurance training is also known as: | aerobic training. |
| A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called a(n) _____ contraction. | isotonic |
| What would be the effect of poor posture? | All of these are correct. leads to fatigue puts more strain on ligaments puts abnormal strain on bones interferes with respiration, heart action, and digestion |
| Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles? | protection |
| After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein? | Troponin |
| The largest and most frequently injured joint is the: | knee |
| The strength of a muscle contraction is influenced by the: | amount of load. initial length of muscle fibers. recruitment of motor units. All the above are correct |
| Which of the following statements about cardiac muscle is incorrect? | Cardiac muscle requires nervous stimulation to contract. |
| Kicking a football is accomplished by knee: | extension |
| Thick myofilaments extend the length of the: | a band |
| Moving a body part away from the medial plane of the body is called: | abduction |
| Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to: | receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. |
| Acetylcholine is in the same class of neurotransmitters as: | none of the above |
| The neurotransmitter(s) that inhibit(s) the conduction of pain impulses is(are): | enkephalins. ` |
| During a relative refractory period: | the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus. |
| When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node to node, the type of impulse conduction is called: | saltatory conduction |
| Which neuron could transmit a nerve impulse the fastest? | A large-diameter neuron with myelin |
| Excitatory neurotransmitters are most likely to: | initiate an action potential. |
| No impulse can be sent through a neuron: | during the absolute refractory period. |
| Compared with the outside of the neuron, the inside has a(n) ____ charge. | negative |
| Which of the following antidepressants acts by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase (MAO)? | Phenelzine |
| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct impulses up to approximately _____ meters per second. | 130 |
| There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the __________ synapse. | chemical |
| A synapse consists of: | a synaptic knob. a synaptic cleft. the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic neuron. all of the above. |
| Which of the following statements about amino acid neurotransmitters is incorrect? | They are all inhibitory neurotransmitters. |
| The first event to occur when an adequate stimulus is applied to a neuron is: | some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open. |
| If the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerve were destroyed, a person would lose _____ related to that pathway. | sensory perception |
| Conduction by the sixth cranial nerve results in sensations of hearing. | False |
| Impulses from the _____ play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum. | thalamus |
| Which of the following is a description of the principle of autonomic antagonism as it relates to the autonomic nervous system? | If sympathetic impulses tend to stimulate an effector, parasympathetic impulses tend to inhibit it. |
| Nerve impulses over the _____ nerve cause increased peristalsis and decreased heart rate. | vagus |
| Which of the following is not associated with the oculomotor nerve? | Closing and opening of the eye (blink reflex) |
| In a healthy adult, a well-placed tap on the knee will result in a: | stretch of the tendon, the quadriceps femoris, and thereby stimulation of the muscle spindles. |
| All of the following cranial nerves are involved in proprioception except the: | vagus |
| Norepinephrine is liberated at: | most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings. |
| If the ventral nerve root of a spinal nerve were destroyed, a person would lose _____ related to that pathway. | willed movement |
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