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Chapter 13

QuestionAnswer
Why was the 1850s a decisive decade for America? It prepared the way for the divisive 1860s as compromise faded.
What issue revived after the Mexican War? The expansion of slavery into the western territories.
What was the Wilmot Proviso? A proposal to ban slavery in land gained from Mexico.
Why did the Wilmot Proviso fail? Southern senators blocked it.
What did Calhoun’s resolutions argue? Congress and territories could not limit slavery.
What was popular sovereignty? Letting a territory’s residents vote on slavery.
Who supported popular sovereignty? Lewis Cass and Stephen Douglas.
Who won the Election of 1848? Zachary Taylor.
Where was gold discovered in 1848? Sutter’s Mill in California.
Who were the Forty-Niners? Gold seekers who came to California in 1849.
How did the Gold Rush affect California? It caused rapid growth leading to statehood.
What did the Compromise of 1850 do for California? Admitted it as a free state.
What did the Compromise of 1850 do in Washington D.C.? Banned the slave trade but not slavery.
What law angered the North after the Compromise of 1850? The Fugitive Slave Act.
Who gave the “Seventh of March” speech? Daniel Webster.
What was the Underground Railroad? A network that helped enslaved people escape.
Who was the most famous Underground Railroad conductor? Harriet Tubman.
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act allow? Popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska.
What major compromise did the Kansas-Nebraska Act repeal? The Missouri Compromise.
What party collapsed after the Kansas-Nebraska Act? The Whig Party.
What new party formed in response to the Act? The Republican Party.
What was “Bleeding Kansas”? Violent conflict between proslavery and antislavery settlers.
What happened during the Sack of Lawrence? Proslavery forces attacked an antislavery town.
What was the Sumner-Brooks incident? Brooks beat Senator Sumner with a cane.
What was the Pottawatomie Massacre? John Brown killed five proslavery settlers.
What did the Supreme Court rule in Dred Scott v. Sandford? Slaves were not citizens and Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories.
What was the Freeport Doctrine? Douglas’s idea that territories could stop slavery by not passing slave codes.
What did Lincoln argue in the debates? Slavery must not expand into the territories.
What was John Brown’s goal at Harpers Ferry? To start a massive slave revolt.
Who captured John Brown at Harpers Ferry? Robert E. Lee and U.S. Marines.
How did the South react to John Brown? They viewed him as a terrorist and blamed Republicans.
Why did Democrats split in 1860? Northern and Southern Democrats split over slavery.
Who won the Election of 1860? Abraham Lincoln.
What did Southern states do after Lincoln’s election? They seceded from the Union.
Which state seceded first? South Carolina.
Who became president of the Confederacy? Jefferson Davis.
What event officially began the Civil War? The Confederate attack on Fort Sumter.
What did Lincoln call for after Fort Sumter? 75
Created by: user-2005084
 

 



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