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Antanya Metusala

Human Physiology Week 7-13

QuestionAnswer
1. What is the main function of the nervous system? To receive, process, and respond to stimuli by transmitting electrical and chemical signals.
2. What is the functional unit of the nervous system? The neuron.
3. What causes depolarization during an action potential? The influx of sodium (Na⁺) ions into the neuron.
4. What is the role of myelin in nerve signaling? It insulates axons and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses.
5. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
6. What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system, and what do they control?
 Sympathetic (“fight or flight”) and parasympathetic (“rest and digest”).
7. What part of the brain controls vital functions like heart rate and breathing? The medulla oblongata.
8. What is the main function of the endocrine system? To regulate body processes through hormones released into the bloodstream.
9. Which gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system? The pituitary gland.
10. What hormone lowers blood glucose levels, and which gland secretes it? Insulin, secreted by the pancreas.
Created by: antanya metusala
 

 



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