There is a slight ex-cess of positive ions on the outside of the membrane and a slight excess of negative ions on the inside of the membrane. This, of course, results in a difference in electrical charge across their plasma membranes

resting membrane potential vs local potential

r.m.p: When a neuron is not conducting electrical signals, it is said to be “resting.” At rest, a neuron’s membrane potential is typically maintained at about ⫺70 mV l.p: a slight shift away from the RMP in a specific region of the plasma membrane

autonomic vs somatic nervous system

a.n.s: efferent pathways of the ANS carry information to the autonomic, or visceral, effectors, which are mainly the smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, glands, adipose tissue. s.n.s: regulates the somatic effectors, which are the skeletal muscles.

pulmonary circulation

that deoxygenated blood moves from the right atrium to the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery to lung arterioles and capillaries

route conducts blood flow from the heart (left ventricle) through blood vessels to all parts of the body (except the gas-exchange tissues in the lungs) and back to the heart (to the right atrium)

rate of flow, or ejection, of lymph into the venous circulation is proportional to the depth of inspiration. total volume of lymph that enters the central veins during a given period depends on the depth of the inspiration phase

respiration gas exchange

Oxygen enters blood from alveolar air bc the Po2 of alveolar air is > than the Po2 of incoming blood. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide molecules exit from the blood by diffusing down the carbon dioxide pressure gradient out into the alveolar air.

where hemoglobin’s oxygen-binding affinity decreases in response to increased carbon dioxide or decreased pH, promoting oxygen release to tissues.

where deoxygenated hemoglobin binds carbon dioxide more readily, enhancing CO₂ transport from tissues to the lungs.

a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.

volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (in Kelvin) when pressure is held constant.

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Human Physiology

Week 7-13

Question	Answer
membrane potential	There is a slight ex-cess of positive ions on the outside of the membrane and a slight excess of negative ions on the inside of the membrane. This, of course, results in a difference in electrical charge across their plasma membranes
resting membrane potential vs local potential	r.m.p: When a neuron is not conducting electrical signals, it is said to be “resting.” At rest, a neuron’s membrane potential is typically maintained at about ⫺70 mV l.p: a slight shift away from the RMP in a specific region of the plasma membrane
autonomic vs somatic nervous system	a.n.s: efferent pathways of the ANS carry information to the autonomic, or visceral, effectors, which are mainly the smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, glands, adipose tissue. s.n.s: regulates the somatic effectors, which are the skeletal muscles.
pulmonary circulation	that deoxygenated blood moves from the right atrium to the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery to lung arterioles and capillaries
systemic circulation	route conducts blood flow from the heart (left ventricle) through blood vessels to all parts of the body (except the gas-exchange tissues in the lungs) and back to the heart (to the right atrium)
lymphatic pump	rate of flow, or ejection, of lymph into the venous circulation is proportional to the depth of inspiration. total volume of lymph that enters the central veins during a given period depends on the depth of the inspiration phase
respiration gas exchange	Oxygen enters blood from alveolar air bc the Po2 of alveolar air is > than the Po2 of incoming blood. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide molecules exit from the blood by diffusing down the carbon dioxide pressure gradient out into the alveolar air.
the bohr effect	where hemoglobin’s oxygen-binding affinity decreases in response to increased carbon dioxide or decreased pH, promoting oxygen release to tissues.
the haldane effect	where deoxygenated hemoglobin binds carbon dioxide more readily, enhancing CO₂ transport from tissues to the lungs.
daltons law	a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
charles law	volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (in Kelvin) when pressure is held constant.

Created by: cleoespiritu

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