click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 8 HC
Occupational Safety
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pathogens | Microorganisms that cause disease |
| Microorganisms | Small living organisms not visible to the naked eye; can be beneficial or harmful |
| Aerobic | Microorganisms that require oxygen to live |
| Anaerobic | Microorganisms that do not require oxygen to live |
| Asepsis | The absence of disease-causing microorganisms |
| Disinfectant | Chemical that kills or inhibits pathogens on surfaces (not safe for skin) |
| Antiseptic | Chemical that kills or inhibits pathogens on living tissue |
| Sterilization | Process that destroys all microorganisms, including spores |
| Contaminated | Presence of pathogens or infectious material on a surface or object |
| Chain of Infection | Sequence that allows pathogens to spread from one host to another |
| Bacteria | single-celled, reproduce rapidly Kill by: antibiotics, disinfectants, sterilization |
| Viruses | require a host to reproduce Example: Influenza, HIV Kill by: antiseptics, sterilization; antibiotics do NOT work |
| Fungi | plantlike organisms that live on dead organic matter (yeasts, molds) Kill by: antifungal medications, sterilization |
| Protozoans | parasitic organism that cannot live outside of another living organism Kill by: antiprotozoal drugs |
| Proteopathies/Prion | misshapen proteins - controversial theory |
| Ways Pathogens Cause Disease | Invade host cells Release toxins Trigger immune response causing tissue damage |
| Endogenous | From inside the body |
| Exogenous | From outside the body |
| Nosocomial | Hospital-acquired infections |
| Opportunistic | Occur when immunity is weakened |
| Medical asepsis (clean technique) | Reduces pathogens; used in routine patient care |
| Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) | Eliminates pathogens; used in surgery, catheter insertion |