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Antianginal Drugs

QuestionAnswer
Nitrates and Nitrites Cause vasodilation (potent) Reduce preload and afterload Allows O2 to reach ischemic myocardial tissue
What are the routes for nitroglycerin IV Sublingual Translingual Spray Transdermal Ointment Transdermal Patch
What are the side effects of nitrates and nitrites Headache Dizziness Fatigue Tachycardia Orthostatic hypotension
Contraindications for nitrates and nitrites RVMI Hypotension Shock Cardiac tamponade Cerebral hemorrhage
Pharmacokinetics for IV Nitroglycerin O - 1-2 min P - N/A D - 3-5 min
Pharmacokinetics for Sublingual Nitroglycerin O - 2-3 min P - N/A D - 30-60 min
Pharmacokinetics for Spray Nitroglycerin O - 2 min P - 4-10 min 30-60 min
Pharmacokinetics for Topical ointment Nitroglycerin O - 15-60min P - 30 min - 2hrs D - 3 -8hrs
Pharmacokinetics for Topical patch Nitroglycerin O - 30-60 min P - 1-3 hrs D - 8-12 hrs
What are some teaching points for Sublingual admin of nitroglycerin - Don't chew or swallow - Burning = drug is still potent - Dark glass bottle
What are some teaching points for topical admin of nitroglycerin - rotate sites - have a nitrate free period
What are some teaching for any form of nitroglycerin use - Take at first sign of angina - Sit down and take it - Call 911 if no relief in 5 min - Do not drive - One spray q5min x3 - prime spray - Avoid substances that cause vasodilation
Isosorbide Dinitrate - Long acting nitrate - Prevents the incidence of heart attack
SA of long acting nitrates Headaches (can take acetaminophen) Orthostatic hypotension
Morphine Sulphate Given if nitro does not work - Decreases cardiac workload - Decreases anxiety and fear - Decreases respiration * watch for bradypnea and hypoxia
Created by: ahgecas25
 

 



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