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Physiology

QuestionAnswer
Respiratory System: What structure is the main site of gas exchange Alveoli — tiny air sacs where oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out. Their thin walls and close contact with capillaries make exchange quick and efficie
Why is the left ventricle the strongest chamber of the heart The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body, requiring higher pressure. Its thick muscular wall provides the force needed for systemic circulation.
What hormone does the thyroid gland produce and what does it do The thyroid produces thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate metabolism, energy production, heart rate, and body temperature.
What is the function of the myelin sheath Myelin insulates nerve fibers, allowing faster electrical signal transmission along neurons. Damage to myelin (like in multiple sclerosis) slows or blocks nerve signals.
What is the primary function of the kidneys The kidneys filter blood to remove waste, regulate electrolytes, maintain fluid balance, and help control blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
What is the role of osteoclasts Osteoclasts are cells that break down old bone, allowing remodeling and calcium release. They work with osteoblasts, which build new bone.
What is the purpose of the small intestine’s villi Villi increase the intestinal surface area, greatly improving nutrient absorption. Each villus contains capillaries and lacteals for transporting nutrients.
What do lymph nodes do Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid and house immune cells (lymphocytes, macrophages) that identify and destroy pathogens, helping prevent infection.
Why is vitamin D production important The skin produces vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, essential for bone health and immune function.
What is the role of progesterone Progesterone prepares and maintains the uterine lining for pregnancy and supports early fetal development. Levels drop if pregnancy does not occur, leading to menstruation.
Created by: Ronaldar1978
 

 



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