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Chem #7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What bond has a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that bind them together. | A chemical bond. |
| What is an ionic bond? | Results from the chemical attraction between cations and anions. (Metal and nonmetal) |
| What bond results from the sharing of electrons pairs between atoms? | A covalent bond. |
| What is electronegativity? | An atom's attraction for electrons in a chemical bond. |
| What does the difference in electronegativity between two elements determine? | Bond type. |
| What is a nonpolar covalent bond? | Electrons are shared equally by the two atoms. Equal pulling. |
| What is a polar covalent bond? | Electrons are shared unequally (difference in electronegativity) |
| What is a dipole? | Shows the unequal sharing, goes toward the more electronegative atom. |
| What are diatomic molecules? | Molecules composed of exactly two atoms chemically bonded together |
| What are the diatomic molecules? | Bromine, Iodine, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Fluorine. Mr. BrINClHOF |
| What are a few rules about Lewis structures? | Hydrogen is always an outside atom, the lowest electronegativity is in the center of the molecule,. |
| KNOW HOW TO DRAW A LEWIS STRUCTURE | Count electrons, draw model, assign electrons. :) |
| What are resonance structures? | They are used when more than one Lewis structure can accurately represent a molecule. |
| What does VSEPR theory stand for? | Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory |
| What is a bonding pair? | A pair that occupies the space between bonding atoms. |
| What is a non bonding pair? | Lone pair of electrons that are located on only one atom/ |
| What is molecular geometry? | Arrangement of the atoms in space. |
| KNOW HOW TO DO VSEPR THEORY | :) |
| What is the simplest unit of a molecular compound? | Molecule |
| Atoms in covalent bonds obey what rule? | Octet rule. |
| What type of element form covalent bonds? | Non metals. |
| Which electrons are involved in bonding? | Valence electrons |
| What is the average distance between two bonded atoms called? | Bond length |
| What structures are used when a single Lewis structure is not adequate to represent a molecule? | Resonance structures. |
| What are the forces that act between molecules called? | Intermolecular forces. |
| The VSEPR model is used to predict what? | The shape of molecules. |
| What structure uses electron dot structures to show how atoms are arranged in molecules? | Lewis structures |
| In a triple bond how many electron pairs are shared? | Three. |
| A molecule that is partially positive at one end and partially negative at the other end is called what? | A polar molecule |
| What is the amount of energy required to break covalent bonds and create neutral isolated atoms called? | Bond energy |
| True or false: the shorter the bond length the stronger the bond. | True. |
| In the VSEPR model a lone pair of electrons takes up more space than what? | A shared pair. |
| When drawing a Lewis structurem how do you decide which element is the central atom? | If you have a carbon or a singular atom. |
| Why is hydrogen always a terminal atom? | It only needs one more electron to have a full shell. |
| A what covalent bond is created when atoms do not share electrons equally? | Polar |
| What is present when temporary dipoles create an attraction between molecules? | Intermolecular forces. |
| A special, stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction occurs when what is bonded to either N, O, or F? | Hydrogen. |
| In a molecule, the angle between the central atom and the terminal atom is called ... ? | Bond angle |
| What are the three exceptions to the octet rule? | Hydrogen - always wants 2 electrons, less than octet: Be, B, and expanded octet: P, S, Xe, Cl, I |
| What factors are used to determine whether a molecule is polar? | Looking at the bonds = are they polar or nonpolar? Also the symmetry in a molecule. |
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