Loop diuretics are highly potent diuretics that inhibit tubular reabsorption of sodium.

Loop Diuretics Adverse Side Effects

hypokalemia (increased excretion of potassium), other fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal distress, hematologic, weakness & restlessness

Osmotic diuretics administered intravenously. Water is drawn into the glomerular filtrate which reduces its reabsorption rate & increases the excretion of water.

Osmotic Diuretics Treat what?

These drugs may be used to treat oliguric acute renal failure and to reduce intracranial pressure.

Osmotic Diuretics side effects

hypokalemia if therapy is prolonged. Hypersensitivity may be a side effect. Do NOT use if pregnant or severe renal disease, preexisting electrolyte/water balance abnormalities, hepatic disease, or diabetes mellitus. may cause gastrointestinal upset.

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics or aldosterone antagonists.

weaker diuretic & antihypertensive effects than others. conserve potassium. The action enhances the excretion of sodium and water & reduces excretion of potassium. Aldosterone secretion may be a factor in edema associated 2 heart failure

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Side Effects

uncommon hyperkalemia may result if administered concurrently with potassium supplements or ACE inhibitors. They should not for patients w/ hyperkalemia, Addison’s disease, anuria, acute renal failure, or significant renal impairment

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is a substance that decreases the rate of carbonic acid and hydrogen production in the kidney, by promoting excretion of solutes & increasing rate of urinary output.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors other uses

reduce intraocular pressure by reducing the production of aqueous humor & used in treatment of glaucoma

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Side Effects

ability 2 cause hypokalemia. Acetazolamide is contraindicated in patients with hepatic, renal, pulmonary, or adrenocortical insufficiency; hyponatremia; hypokalemia; or electrolyte imbalances.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Side Effects contraindicated

Dichlorphenamide and methazolamide are contraindicated in patients with hyperchloremic acidosis

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Pharmacology 2

Term	Definition
Loop Diuretics	Loop diuretics are highly potent diuretics that inhibit tubular reabsorption of sodium.
Loop Diuretics Adverse Side Effects	hypokalemia (increased excretion of potassium), other fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal distress, hematologic, weakness & restlessness
Osmotic Diuretics	Osmotic diuretics administered intravenously. Water is drawn into the glomerular filtrate which reduces its reabsorption rate & increases the excretion of water.
Osmotic Diuretics Treat what?	These drugs may be used to treat oliguric acute renal failure and to reduce intracranial pressure.
Osmotic Diuretics side effects	hypokalemia if therapy is prolonged. Hypersensitivity may be a side effect. Do NOT use if pregnant or severe renal disease, preexisting electrolyte/water balance abnormalities, hepatic disease, or diabetes mellitus. may cause gastrointestinal upset.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics or aldosterone antagonists.	weaker diuretic & antihypertensive effects than others. conserve potassium. The action enhances the excretion of sodium and water & reduces excretion of potassium. Aldosterone secretion may be a factor in edema associated 2 heart failure
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Side Effects	uncommon hyperkalemia may result if administered concurrently with potassium supplements or ACE inhibitors. They should not for patients w/ hyperkalemia, Addison’s disease, anuria, acute renal failure, or significant renal impairment
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors	A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is a substance that decreases the rate of carbonic acid and hydrogen production in the kidney, by promoting excretion of solutes & increasing rate of urinary output.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors other uses	reduce intraocular pressure by reducing the production of aqueous humor & used in treatment of glaucoma
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Side Effects	ability 2 cause hypokalemia. Acetazolamide is contraindicated in patients with hepatic, renal, pulmonary, or adrenocortical insufficiency; hyponatremia; hypokalemia; or electrolyte imbalances.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Side Effects contraindicated	Dichlorphenamide and methazolamide are contraindicated in patients with hyperchloremic acidosis

Created by: kyotma

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