What are the main components and primary functions of blood?

Components: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma. Functions: transport oxygen & nutrients, remove waste, immune defense, clotting, maintain homeostasis.

Describe the flow of blood through the heart

Deoxygenated blood → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary trunk → lungs → oxygenated blood returns via pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → systemic circulation

What are the structural differences between arteries, veins, and capillaries?

Arteries: thick, muscular walls, high pressure. Veins: thinner walls, valves to prevent backflow, lower pressure. Capillaries: one-cell thick walls for exchange of gases, nutrients, wastes between blood and tissues.

What are the primary functions of the lymphatic system and immunity

return interstitial fluid to bloodstream, absorb and transport fats from digestive tract, defend body via immune responses

What are the major structures of the respiratory tract?

nasal cavity / oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.

What processes occur in the digestive system from ingestion to absorption?

Ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption of nutrients, water absorption, and elimination of waste.

Define metabolism, and distinguish between anabolism and catabolism.

Metabolism: all chemical reactions in the body. Anabolism: building up molecules. Catabolism: breaking down molecules

What are the main functions of the urinary system?

Remove waste products from blood, regulate fluid balance, electrolyte balance, acid–base balance, blood pressure, and produce urine.

What is meant by “fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base balance”?

It refers to maintaining proper volume and composition of body fluids and stable pH.

How do structure and function illustrate the principle “form follows function” in the human body? Give an example.

Body structures are shaped to perform specific functions efficiently. Example: thin walls of capillaries allow efficient diffusion of gases and nutrients

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StudyStack Set 2

Week 7 - 13

Question	Answer
What are the main components and primary functions of blood?	Components: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma. Functions: transport oxygen & nutrients, remove waste, immune defense, clotting, maintain homeostasis.
Describe the flow of blood through the heart	Deoxygenated blood → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary trunk → lungs → oxygenated blood returns via pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → systemic circulation
What are the structural differences between arteries, veins, and capillaries?	Arteries: thick, muscular walls, high pressure. Veins: thinner walls, valves to prevent backflow, lower pressure. Capillaries: one-cell thick walls for exchange of gases, nutrients, wastes between blood and tissues.
What are the primary functions of the lymphatic system and immunity	return interstitial fluid to bloodstream, absorb and transport fats from digestive tract, defend body via immune responses
What are the major structures of the respiratory tract?	nasal cavity / oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.
What processes occur in the digestive system from ingestion to absorption?	Ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption of nutrients, water absorption, and elimination of waste.
Define metabolism, and distinguish between anabolism and catabolism.	Metabolism: all chemical reactions in the body. Anabolism: building up molecules. Catabolism: breaking down molecules
What are the main functions of the urinary system?	Remove waste products from blood, regulate fluid balance, electrolyte balance, acid–base balance, blood pressure, and produce urine.
What is meant by “fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base balance”?	It refers to maintaining proper volume and composition of body fluids and stable pH.
How do structure and function illustrate the principle “form follows function” in the human body? Give an example.	Body structures are shaped to perform specific functions efficiently. Example: thin walls of capillaries allow efficient diffusion of gases and nutrients

Created by: user-1988569

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