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Brenda Fernandez
Physiology weeks 7-13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The primary function of red blood cells? | Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
| White blood cells are also known as ________________? | Leukocytes. |
| What measures the volume of packed red blood cells? | Hematocrit. |
| Explain cardiac output? | Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in a minutes. |
| What does the left ventricle do? | Pumps blood to the body. |
| What does the mitral valve do? | It prevents backflow into the left atrium. |
| What is known as the hearts natural pacemaker? | SA node (Sinoatrial node). |
| what does the sympathetic nervous system do? | Increases heart rate. |
| What do arteries do? | They carry blood away from the heart. |
| What job does the spleen do? | Filters blood and stores immune cells. |
| What are lymph nodes? | The lymph nodes help fight infection. |
| B lymphocytes ( B cells) produce? | Antibodies. |
| What does the diaphragm do? | Is responsible for inhalation. |
| What does the alveoli do? | Helps with gas exchange |
| What chemical regulates breathing? | Carbon dioxide |
| What does the liver produce? | Bile |
| What is a wave like muscle contraction that moves food to the GI tract called? | Peristalsis |
| Where does protein digestion begin? | Stomach |
| What enzyme break down carbohydrate? | Salivary amylase |
| What are the functional units called in kidney? | Nephron |
| What does the ureter do? | Carries urine from kidneys to bladder. |
| What is ADH (antidiuretic hormone)? | It's a hormone that helps increase water absorption. |
| What is urea? | It's a waste product that comes from protein breakdown. |
| What does testosterone do? | It helps regulate the production of sperm. |
| Fallopian tubes | fertilizations starts |
| How many chromosomes do we have? | 46 |
| The first cell that forms after fertilization? | Zygote |
| Male chromosome? | XY |
| Female chromosome? | XX |
| The three stages of cellular respiration? | are Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain |
| What provides the body a source of energy? | Carbohydrates |
| What is needed for tissue repair and enzyme production? | Protein |
| BMR | Energy needed for the body to maintain vital function. |
| What is vitamin D needed for? | Calcium absorption. |
| What do hormones T3 and T4 do? | Control metabolism |
| What does the hypothalamus do? | regulates body temperature |
| What is vasodilation? | It's when the vessels widen to release heat. |
| What is vasoconstriction? | Blood vessels narrow when the body is cold to conserve heat. |
| What is thyroxine (T4)? | A hormone that increases heat production. |
| The three stages of General adaption syndrome (GAS)? | Alarm, resistance, exhaustion. |
| Stress releases what hormone? | Cortisol |
| Sympathetic nervous system? | Activates the flight-or-fight response. |
| What does the adrenal gland produce? | stress hormones |
| What suppresses immune function? | Chronic stress |
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