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unit 11 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| water cycle | It has three phases (solid, liquid, and gas). In these three phases, water ties together the major Parana of the Earth's climate system |
| evaporation | when a liquid turns to gas |
| transpiration | when plants release water vapor |
| sublimation | when a solid changes directly into a gas |
| condensation | when something condenses |
| precipitation | water, snow, ice, and rain |
| weather | the short-term state of the atmosphere, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, and visibility |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air |
| relative humidity | the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation at a given temperature |
| dew point | at constant pressure and water vapor content, the temperature at which the rate of condensation equals the rate of evaporation |
| air pressure | the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface |
| wind | the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
| visibility | the distance at which a given standard object can be seen and identified with the unaided eye |
| air mass | a large body of air throughout which temperature and moisture content are similar |
| front | the boundary between air masses of different densities and usually different temperatures |
| jet stream | a narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere |
| thunderstorm | a usually brief, heavy storm that consists of rain, strong winds, lightning, and thunder |
| lightning | an electric discharge that takes place between two oppositely charged surfaces, such as between a cloud and the ground, between two clouds, or between two parts of the same cloud |
| thunder | the sound caused by the rapid expansion of air along an electrical strike |
| hurricane | the sound caused by the rapid expansion of air along an electrical strike |
| storm surge | a local rise in sea level near the shore that is caused by strong winds from a storm, such as those from a hurricane |
| tornado | a destructive, rotating column of air that has very high wind speeds and that may be visible as a funnel-shaped cloud |
| climate | the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time |
| latitude | the angular distance north or south from the equator; expressed in degrees |
| topography | the lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature drops at a constant rate as altitude increases; the part of the atmosphere where weather conditions exist |
| elevation | the height of an object above sea level |
| surface currents | a horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean’s surface |
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