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English Quiz 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Historical context of Victorian Period | Queen Victoria rule: 1837-1901. British economic and imperial expansion. Industrialization and urbanization. Global markets and economy |
| Technological developments in the Victorian Period | Steam power, railroads, iron ships, mechanized looms, telegraph, photography, anesthetics |
| Social change in the Victorian Period | 1880-universal compulsory education. Extended vote to ALL men. Marx and Engles Communist Manifesto. Darwin theory of evolution. 1848 first women's college in London. 1870-1908 Married womens property act |
| Publishing and literacy in the Victorian Period | Literary rates increased from about 1/2 of adult men to near universal. Explosive increase in print materials; formation of free public libraries.Reading is central form of mass entertainment. NOVEL dominated. Women among major authors |
| Response to social change in the Victorian Period | Literature seen as a vehicle for social order and moral improvement and instruction. Literature generally accepted and supported social hierarchy, including class, gender, and race hierarchy. |
| Characteristics of Victorian Poetry | Conservative values, moralism, optimism and belief in progress "AGE OF IMPROVEMENT" , nostalgia. Reliance on traditional forms (sonnets, Iambic Pentameter, Heroic couplets. Sentimentalism, domesticity |
| Characteristics of Victorian Poetry continued | Supported doctrine of separate spheres. Supported British and European colonialism. Limited challenges to social problems. |
| Which Poem is from the Victorian Period | The cry of the children |
| Important Victorian Poets | Matthew Arnold. Elizabeth and Robert Browning, Thomas Hardy, Gerald Manley Hopkins, Christina and Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Alfred Lord Tennyson |
| Modernism historical context | WW1, continued urbanization, scientific developments that encouraged the view that time and space are relative, diversification of audience and authorship. Most were poems but prose was still important. Women gained vote |
| Characteristics of Modernist poetry | Difficulty, subjectivism, Experimentation. Rejection of traditional forms, preference for free verse; advent of prose poetry, found poetry etc. Rejection of linear narrative time. Fragmentation, divided subjectivity, alienation |
| Important modernist poets | W.H. Auden, E.E. Cummings, T.S. Elliot, H.D. , Langston Hughes, Laura Jackson, Marianne Moore, Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, Wallace Stevens, Dylan Thomas, William Carlos Williams |
| Contemporary Poetry Historical Context (1945-present) | Rise in global wealth, expansion of education and literacy |
| Globalization of English (contemporary) | English is dominant global language. Global migrations are intensifying |
| Globalization of English part 2 | because of globalization, colonialism, ideology of multiculturalism, and expansion of wealth and global tourism, contemporary Anglophone poets address colonialism, racism, migration, cultural change, cultural exploration, cultural recovery |
| What does one do with European and English Cultural traditions? | Three answers: Embrace European cultural traditions. Embrace indigenous cultural tradition. Develop hybrid poetics. Non-European cultural traditions have also reshaped contemporary poetry in English |
| Activist poetry (contemporary) | Feminist poetry, Anti-capitalist and anti-racist poetry, Environmentalist poetry |
| Reactions to modernism and visual culture | preserving modernist experimentation at the cost of sacrificing accessibility to a wide audience. Restoring poetry to popularity |
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