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Brett Lebouef

weeks 7-13

QuestionAnswer
What is the primary function of the digestive system? Breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients and elimination of waste.
Where does most nutrient absorption occur? The small intestine (especially the jejunum).
What drives the movement of air into the lungs? Pressure gradients created by diaphragm contraction (Boyle’s Law).
Where does gas exchange occur? Across the alveolar–capillary membrane.
What gas primarily controls breathing rate? CO₂ (via changes in blood pH).
What is tidal volume? The amount of air inhaled/exhaled in a normal breath.
What are the functions of the lymphatic system? Fluid balance, lipid absorption, and immune defense.
What do B cells do? Produce antibodies for humoral immunity.
What do T cells do? Provide cell-mediated immunity by targeting infected or abnormal cells.
What is the pacemaker of the heart? The sinoatrial (SA) node.
What is the primary function of red blood cells? Transport oxygen using hemoglobin.
What determines blood pressure? Cardiac output × peripheral resistance.
What structure in the eye controls the amount of light entering? The iris.
What gland is the “master gland”? The pituitary gland.
What hormone regulates metabolism? Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).
What are the two major divisions of the nervous system? Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What does the autonomic nervous system control? Involuntary functions (heart rate, digestion, respiration).
What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system? The neuron.
What creates the resting membrane potential? Ion gradients maintained by the Na⁺/K⁺ pump.
What triggers an action potential? Membrane depolarization reaching threshold.
What is saltatory conduction? Jumping of action potentials between nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons.
What is a synapse? Junction where neurons communicate via neurotransmitters.
What neurotransmitter is used at neuromuscular junctions? Acetylcholine (ACh).
Created by: brettlebouef
 

 



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