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Henrietta O Nwaobi

Physiology Week 7 -13

QuestionAnswer
What is the main role of the kidneys in acid–base balance? To regulate bicarbonate levels and excrete or conserve hydrogen ions.
Where is new bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) generated in the nephron? In the collecting duct by intercalated cells.
What reaction occurs when H⁺ combines with filtered HCO₃⁻ in the tubule lumen? They form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which breaks into CO₂ and H₂O.
Which electrolyte has an inverse relationship with hydrogen ion secretion? Potassium (K⁺).
What happens to bicarbonate levels during respiratory alkalosis? The kidneys excrete more bicarbonate to lower pH.
What type of disturbance occurs when CO₂ levels drop due to hyperventilation? Respiratory alkalosis.
Which acid–base condition is commonly associated with severe vomiting? Metabolic alkalosis.
In metabolic acidosis, how does the respiratory system compensate? By increasing ventilation to blow off CO₂.
What structure of the nephron performs the majority of acid secretion? The collecting duct (intercalated cells).
What does a blood pH above 7.45 indicate? Alkalosis.
Created by: hetti4real
 

 



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