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week 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Osteocyte | A mature bone cell that maintains bone tissue and helps regulate calcium movement. |
| Osteoblast | A bone-building cell responsible for forming new bone matrix. |
| Osteoclast | A large, multinucleated cell that breaks down bone matrix during bone remodeling. |
| Sarcomere | The basic functional unit of skeletal muscle contraction, made of actin and myosin filaments. |
| Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) | The connection between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber where signals trigger muscle contraction. |
| Action Potential | A rapid electrical signal that travels along a neuron or muscle membrane. |
| Synapse | A microscopic gap where one neuron communicates with another cell using neurotransmitters. |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | The “rest and digest” division of the autonomic nervous system that slows heart rate and supports digestion |
| Hormone | A chemical messenger released by endocrine glands that travels in the bloodstream to affect target tissues. |
| Glomerulus | A knot of capillaries inside the nephron that filters blood during the first step of urine formation. |