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BIO101 Unit 4

QuestionAnswer
Cone Cells: brighter light and are responsible for color vision and fine details
Rod Cells responsible for vision in low-light conditions
Cochlea The vibrations are then converted into neural signals that the brain interprets as sound
Eardrum Sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate.
Ear Canal Sound travels down this passage to the next structure.
Auricle (Pinna) It captures sound waves like a funnel.
Vision sight
Hearing auditory
Taste gustatory
Smell olfactory
Balance vestibular system
five basic senses Touch, Sight, Taste, Smell, Hearing
Parietal Lobe Processes sensory information such as touch, taste, and temperature.
Temporal Lobe Involved in hearing, understanding language, and processing memories.
Occipital Lobe Primarily responsible for vision. Think of it as the brain's "camera" that interprets visual information.
Insula Plays a role in emotion, perception, and self-awareness
frontal lobe Movement, Thinking and Problem-Solving, Planning and Decision-Making, Personality and Behavior, Speaking
Central Nervous System (CNS) include the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS include all the nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body
two cell types in the nervous system Neurons & Glial cells
support cells that protect, feed, and help neurons work properly Glial cells
cells that send and receive signals Neurons
processes information Soma
branches that receive signals from other neurons Dendrites
wire that carries the signal away from the soma Axon
ends of the axon where signals are passed to the next cell. Synapse
material that insulates the neuronal axon myelin
What is Gray Brain Matter made of mostly Neurons cell bodies
What is White Brain Matter made of mostly Myelinated axons
What is the function of Gray Brain Matter Process Information
where two neurons communicate with each other Nerve Synapse
synaptic cleft gap between the two neurons
pleasure, motivation, and movement Dopamine
mood regulation, sleep, and appetite control. Serotonin
muscle contraction and memory functions. Acetylcholine
thin inner layer of the meninges directly touching the brain and spinal cord Pia Mater
tough outer later the Arachnoid Mater the middle web-like layer of the meninges . Dura Mater
middle web-like layer of the meninges Arachnoid Mater
corpus callosum band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right half of the brain
Layers of the Meninges (Outermost to innermost Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater
Where is the Cerebellum located the back and bottom of the brain
What is the functions of the Cerebellum balance, coordination, posture, and motor learning.
three parts of the brain stem Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata
Controls eye movements Helps with hearing, reflexes & movement Midbrain
heart rate, breathing, blood pressure swallowing, coughing, and vomiting reflexes Medulla Oblongata
Helps with sleep and facial expressions breathing & communication Pons
body's fight of flight system Sympathetic nervous system
When does the Sympathetic Nervous System turn on when you're stressed scared or need quick energy
How many cranial nerves are there 12
helps your body relax, digest food, and return to a calm, steady state. Parasympathetic System
are touch, pressure, stretch, heat, cold, and pain. Receptors for general senses are located throughout the body. General senses
2 neurons of the motor pathways in the ANS preganglionic neuron & postganglionic neuron
axon leaves an autonomic ganglion, and innervates a visceral effector postganglionic neuron
leaves the C N S, and synapses with one or more neurons, which have cell bodies in an autonomic ganglion in the P N S preganglionic neuron
arise from the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord. preganglionic fibers
outward in cranial or sacral nerves, The preganglionic fibers extend
close to or in visceral effector organs. synapse in terminal ganglia
into the effector organs (muscles or glands Short postganglionic fibers continue
Dilation Pupil of the eye response to Adrenergic
Contraction Pupil of the eye response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Increases Heart Rate response to Adrenergic
Dilation Bronchioles of lungs response to Adrenergic
Slows peristaltic action Muscle of intestinal wall response to Adrenergic
Secretion decreases Intestinal Glands response to Adrenergic
More Blood to skeletal muscles; less blood to digestive organs Blood Distribution response to Adrenergic
Increases Blood Glucose Concentration response to Adrenergic
Secretion decreases Salivary Glands response to Adrenergic
No Action Tear Glands response to Adrenergic
Relaxation Muscles of Gallbladder Wall response to Adrenergic
Relaxation Muscles of urinary bladder wall response to Adrenergic
Decreases Heart Rate response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Constriction Bronchioles of lungs response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Speeds Peristaltic Action Muscle of intestinal wall response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Secretion Increases Intestinal Glands response to Cholinergic Stimulation
More blood to the digestive organs; less blood to the skeletal muscles Blood Distribution response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Decreases Blood Glucose Concentration response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Secretion increases Salivary Glands response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Secretion Tear Glands response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Contraction Muscles of Gallbladder Wall response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Contraction Muscles of Urinary Bladder Wall response to Cholinergic Stimulation
Pain receptors nociceptors
changes in pressure or movement Mechanoreceptors
respond to light; found in the eye Photoreceptors
Created by: user-1990156
 

 



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