Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

ID 2 Quiz 2

GenericBrandDrug ClassApproved usesMOAC/IBBWROA
Bictegravir (component) Biktarvy (bictegravir/emtricitabine/alafenamide) Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) HIV-1 infection tx in adults and peds (>2 yo and >14 kg) Inhibits HIV-1 integrase by binding to integrase active site and blocking the strand transfer step of retroviral DNA integration, essential for HIV replication Coadministration with dofetilide or rifampin N/A PO
Dolutegravir (single and component) Tivicay (single) Triumeq (dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine) Juluca (dolutegravir/rilpivine) Dovato (dolutegravir/lamivudine) Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) HIV-1 infection tx and prevention of mother to child transmission; ped and adult use Inhibits HIV-1 integrase by blocking the strand transfer step of retroviral DNA integration into host cell genome, preventing HIV replication Coadministration with dofetilide, prior hypersensitivity rxn to drug Hep B exacerbation upon discontinuation (when + lamivudine) PO
Cabotegravir (single and component) Apretude (single), Vocabria (single), Cabenuva (cabotegravir/rilpivirine) Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) HIV-1 tx (combo w rilpivirine in viologically suppressed); HIV-1 PrEP in at-risk adults and adolescents Inhibits HIV-1 integrase by binding to integrase active site and blocking the strand transfer of retroviral DNA, preventing integration into host genome Coadministration w rifampin, rifapentine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazapine, phenytoin, or LA inj phenobarb N/A PO, IM
Tenofovir alafenamide Vemlidy (single), multiple combo products (Biktarvy, Descovy, Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza) Nucelotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) HIV-1 infection (in combo); chronic hepatitis B (Vemlidy) Prodrug converted intracellular to tenofovir, then phosphorylated to diphosphate which inhibits HIV RT and HBV polymerase by competing with natural substrate and causing DNA chain termination Hypersensitivity to drug or formulation components Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis; Hep B exacerbation upon discontinuation. HIV testing required before HBV tx initiation PO
Tenofovori disoproxil Viread (single); multiple combo products (Truvada, Atripla, Complera, Stribild) Nucelotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) HIV-1 infection tx and PrEP; chronic Hep B Prodrug converted intracellular to tenofovir, then phosphorylated to diphosphate which inhibits HIV RT and HBV polymerase by competing with natural substrate and causing DNA chain termination Hypersensitivity to drug or formulation components Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis; Hep B exacerbation upon discontinuation; renal impairment and bone effects. HIV testing required before HBV tx initiation PO
Emtricitabine Emtriva (single), multiple combo products (Truvada, Descovy, Biktarvy, Atripla, Complera, Stribild, Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza) Nuceloside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) HIV-1 infection tx and PrEP (in combo with tenofovir); chronic Hep B Synthetic cytidine analog phosphorylated intracellularly to triphosphate, which inhibits HIV-1 RT by competing with natural substrate and incorporating into nascent viral DNA causing chain termination Hypersensitivity to drug or formulation components Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis; Hep B exacerbation upon discontinuation. HIV testing required before HBV tx initiation PO
Valacyclovir hydrochloride Valtrex Antiviral - nucleoside analog Herpes zoster, genital herpes (tx and suppression), cold sores, reduction of HSV transmission. CMV prophylaxis in transplant (off-label) Prodrug rapidly converted to acyclovir, which is then phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase to triphosphate, and inhibits viral DNA polymerase by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate and causes DNA chain termination Hypersensitivity to valacyclovir, acyclovir, or formulation components N/A PO
Oseltamivir phosphate Tamiflu Anti-viral -neuraminidase inhibitor Influenza A and B tx (>2 wks old) and prophylaxis (>3 mo old) Prodrug converted to carboxylate, which competitively inhibits influenza viral neuraminidase, preventing release of viral particles from infected cells and spread to new cells Hypersensitivity to drug or formulation components N/A PO
Valganciclovir hydrochloride Valcyte Antiviral - nucleoside analog CMV retinitis in AIDS, CMV prevention in kidney, heart, and kidney-pancreas transplant patients at high risk Prodrug converted to ganciclovir, which is phosphorylated by viral and cellular kinases to triphosphate, which then inhibits viral DNA polymerase and causes viral DNA chain termination Hypersensitivity to valganciclovir, ganciclovir, or formulation components Hematologic toxicity (granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia); impairment of fertility; teratogenicity; mutagenesis and carcinogenesis potential PO
Voriconazole Vfend Triazole antifungal Invasive aspergillosis; candidemia in non-neutropenic patients; esophageal candidiasis; serious Scedosporium and Fusarium infections in intolerant/refractory patients Inhibits fungal cytochrome P450-dependent 14-alpha-lanosterol demethylation, preventing ergosterol synthesis and disrupting fungal cell membrane integrity Coadministration with CYP3A4 substrates, rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, ritonavir, rifabutin, ergot alkaloids, sirolimus, St. John's wort; galactose intolerance/glucose-galactose malabsorption None, but serious hepatotoxicity warning PO, IV
Posaconazole Noxafil Triazole antifungal Prophylaxis of invasive aspergillus and Candida infections in high-risk immunocompromised patients; tx of oropharyngeal candidiasis; invasive fungal infections refractory to first-line tx Inhibits fungal cytochrome P450-dependent 14-alpha-lanosterol demethylation, preventing ergosterol synthesis and disrupting fungal cell membrane integrity Coadministration with sirolimus, ergot alkaloids, CYP3A4 substrates that prolong QT interval; hypersensitivity to drug or azole antifungals N/A PO, IV
Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Abelcet Polyene antifungal Invasive fungal infections in patients refractory to or intolerant of conventional amp B (aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis, mucormycosis) Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, creating pores that increase membrane permeability leading to cell death. Lipid formulation reduces toxicity Hypersensitivity to drug or formulation components unless benefits outweigh risks in life-threatening situations Med errors have occurred due to confusion b/w lipid and non-lipid formulations --> verify product name and dosage IV
Micafungin sodium Mycamine Echinocandin antifungal Candidemia, acute disseminated candidiasis, Candida peritonitis and abscessess; esophageal candidiasis, prophylaxis of Candida infections in HSCT recipients Inhibits synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an essential component of fungal cell walls, causing cell wall instability and fungal cell death. Does not affect mammalian cells Hypersensitivity to drug, other echinocandins, or formulation components N/A IV
Ceftaroline fosamil Teflaro Fifth-gen cephalosporin Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (ABSSSI); community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) Activated prodrug binds to PBPs, including PBP2a in MRSA, inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis and causing cell death. Active against MRSA and some MDR gram + organisms Known serious hypersensitivity rxn to product or other cephalosporins N//A IV
Ertapenem sodium Invanz Carbapenem beta-lactam antibiotic Complicated intra-abdominal infection, complicated skin and skin structure infections, CAP, complicated UTI including pyelonephritis, acute pelvic infections, colorectal surgical prophylaxis Binds to PBPs, inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis leading to cell death; resistant to most beta-lactamases except metallo-beta-lactamases and carbapenemases Hypersensitivity to drug, other carbapenems, or patient has anaphylactic rxn to beta-lactam. IM C/I w lidocaine hypersensitivity N/A IV, IM
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Avycaz Third gen cephalosporin + novel beta-lactamase inhibitor combo Complicated intra-abdominal infections (w/ metronidazole), complicated UTI including pyelonephritis, HAP and VAP Binds PBPs inhibiting cell wall synthesis. avibactam protects ceftazidime from degradation by certain beta-lactamases including ESBLs, AmpC and some KPC carbapenemases Known serious hypersensitivity to drug, drug components, or other cephalosporins N/A IV
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Zerbaxa Novel cephalosporin + beta-lactamase inhibitor combo Complicated intra-abdominal infections (w/ metronidazole), complicated UTI including pyelonephritis, HAP and VAP Binds PBPs inhibiting cell wall synthesis with enhanced stability against AmpC-mediated resistance. Tazobactam protects ceftolozane from degradation by inhibiting certain beta-lactamases including ESBLs Known serious hypersensitivity to drug, zosyn, or other beta-lactams N/A IV
Daptomycin Cubicin, Cubicin RF Cyclic lipopetide antibiotic Complicated skin and skin structure infections, S. aureus blood stream infections (bacteremia) including right-sided endocarditis Calcium-dependent binding to bacterial cell membranes causes rapid depolarization, K efflux, and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis leading to bacterial death. Conc.-dependent bactericidal activity again gram + organisms Known hypersensitivity to drug N/A IV
Rifampin (rifampicin) Rifadin, Rimactane Rifamycin antibiotic TB (combo tx), Neisseria meningitidis carriers. Staphylococcus prosthetic device infections, bone/joint infections off-label. Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, blocking RNA transcription and suppressing bacterial RNA synthesis. Bactericidal against mycobacteria and many gram + and - organisms. Hypersensitivity to drug or class; concomitant use with saquinavir/ritonavir, atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, tipranavir; porphyria None, but serious hepatotoxicity warning PO, IV
Created by: hmariner1
 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards