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Physiology stack 2

QuestionAnswer
Q: What is the primary function of the small intestine? A: Nutrient digestion and absorption, especially via villi and microvilli that increase surface area.
Q: What enzyme begins carbohydrate digestion in the mouth? A: Salivary amylase, produced by the salivary glands.
Q: What is tidal volume? A: The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal, quiet breathing (~500 mL).
Q: What drives gas exchange in the alveoli? A: Diffusion due to partial pressure gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Q: What is the function of lymph nodes? A: To filter lymph and house immune cells (lymphocytes, macrophages) that detect pathogens.
Q: What organ is the site of T-cell maturation? A: The thymus.
Q: What causes the “lub” (S1) sound of the heartbeat? A: Closure of the AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) at the start of ventricular systole.
Q: What is cardiac output (CO)? A: CO = Stroke Volume × Heart Rate; the amount of blood pumped per minute.
Q: What is the primary function of insulin? A: Lower blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake into cells and glycogen storage.
Q: What gland is the “master gland” of the endocrine system? A: The pituitary gland, which secretes hormones that regulate other endocrine organs.
Created by: user-1989887
 

 



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