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Quiz #2
Key Terminology Chapters 8-13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Textbase | Statements that retain the literal meaning of the text |
| Situation/Mental Model | Integrates textbase with reader's background knowledge and goal for reading |
| Strategies | Elaborate, planned procedures designed to help the reader reach a goal |
| Skills | Automatic processes that are usually performed without conscious control |
| Monitoring | Being aware of one's comprehension and regulating it |
| Management Strategies | Designed to meet the demands of dealing with the overwhelming amount of information available through the Internet and other sources |
| Preparational Strategies | Processes that readers use to prepare themselves to construct meaning, such as surveying a text and predicting what it will be about |
| Organizational Strategies | Strategies that involve selecting important details and building relationships among them, such as finding the main idea and supporting details. |
| Elaboration Strategies | Strategies in which the reader constructs connections between information from text and prior knowledge to construct new information or ideas. |
| Story Grammar | A series of rules designed to show how the parts of a story are interrelated. The essential components that make up a narrative text. |
| Guided Retelling | Aided by illustrations, artifacts, or graphic organizers to help retell a story |
| Text Structures | The way a piece of writing is organized (description, sequence, explanation, compare/contrast, problem/solution, cause/effect) |
| Guided Reading | A framework within which the teacher supplies the guidance students need to read a selection successfully; small groups of students who are on approximately the same level of reading development |
| Content Area Literacy | Techniques that a novice might use to make sense of an informational text |
| Surface Reading | Processing text without engaging with it (reading the words without thinking about the words) |
| Anticipation Guide | A before reading strategy where readers activate information they possess to decide if they agree with a listing of debatable statements. |
| Text/Visual Features | Illustrations, maps, charts, timelines, diagrams, and other graphics in a text that also foster comprehension |
| Think Alouds | When a teacher models silent reading strategies by thinking aloud as they process a text, thus making explicit skills that normally cannot be observed. |
| KWL | A technique designed to help readers build and organize background and seek out and reflect on key elements in a reading selection. |
| Aesthetic Reading | Refers to emotions experienced or evoked while reading a piece of writing. |
| Efferent Reading | Reading to comprehend the information conveyed by a piece of writing. |
| Close Reading | Conduct multiple readings of the text and analyze for the author's use of literary devices in order to develop a deeper understanding and appreciation of the text |
| Uptake | An element in a discussion when students build on each other's responses |
| Basal/Anthology Approach | A comprehensive program for teaching reading that includes readers or anthologies that gradually increase in difficulty, teacher's manuals, workbooks, and assessment measures. |
| Literature Based Approach | A way of teaching reading using literature selections as the primary instructional materials. |
| Knowledge Building Programs | Literacy programs that stress the importance of building knowledge about content area topics |
| Individualized Reading/Reading Workshop | A system of teaching reading in which students select their own reading material, read at their own pace, and are instructed in individual conferences and whole-class or small-group lessons |
| Language Experience Approach | An approach that involves children dictating a story based on an experience they have had. The dictated story is written down by a teacher and then used to instruct the students in reading. |
| Writing Workshop | A way of organizing writing instruction that includes a mini-lesson, time for students to write, guided writing, individual and group conferences, and whole-class sharing. |
| Author's Chair | The practice of having student authors share their work with the rest of the class. |
| Mentor Texts | Students read texts to notice specific techniques that the author used in order to improve their own writing. |
| Independent Clause | A clause that can stand on its own and be a complete/simple sentence. Combining two independent clauses together with a conjunction creates a compound sentence. |
| Dependent Clause | A clause that cannot stand on its own to be a complete sentence. It relies on another clause, such as an independent clause, to be a complete sentence. This creates a complex sentence. |
| Apposition | A noun or pronoun set beside another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it |
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