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NancyG.

Week 14

QuestionAnswer
Difference between blood plams and blood serum. Plasma is whole blood without cells. Serum is whole blood without the clotting elements. Plasma is prepared by centrifuging anticoagulated blood. Serum is prepared by allowing blood to clot.
Erythrocytes concave disk shape; no nucleus. Function: transportation of respiratory gases (o2 and co2). life span 105-120
Neutrophil spherical shape. multilobed nucleus; small, pink-purple–staining cytoplasmic granules. Cellular defense—phagocytosis of small pathogenic microorganisms
Basophil spherical shape; generally two-lobed nucleus; large purple-staining cytoplasmic granules. Secretes heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine (important in inflammatory response.
Eosinophil spherical shape; generally two-lobed nucleus; large, orange-red–staining cytoplasmic granule. Phagocytosis; chemical attack of large pathogenic microorganisms (such as protozoa) and parasitic worms
Lymphocyte round (single-lobed) nucleus; small lymphocytes have scant cytoplasm. Humoral defense—secretes antibodies; involved in immune system response and regulation.
Monocyte nucleus generally kidney bean–or horseshoe-shaped with convoluted surface; ample cytoplasm, often “steel blue” in color. Capable of migrating out of the blood to enter tissue spaces as a macrophage—an aggressive phagocytic cell capable of ingesting
Platelet irregularly shaped fragments; cytoplasm contains very small, pink-staining granules Releases clot-activating substances and helps in formation of actual blood clot by forming platelet “plugs” life span 7–10 days
Erythropoiesis In response to decreased blood oxygen, the kidneys release erythropoietin, which stimulates erythrocyte production in the red bone marrow.
Stages of coagulations Stage 1: Activation pathways • Intrinsic pathway • Extrinsic pathway. Stage 2: Thrombin formation Prothrombin activator Prothrombin ⎯⎯ Ca Stage 3: Fibrin clot formation Thrombin Ca Fibrinogen ⎯⎯ ⎯→ Fibrin
Created by: user-1971309
 

 



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