Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Physics

Ch 2

QuestionAnswer
What is matter? Anything that occupies space and has mass.
What is a molecule? Two or more atoms chemically combined.
What is an atom? The smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.
What are the three basic subatomic particles? Protons, neutrons, electrons.
What is the charge of a proton? Positive (+1).
What is the charge of a neutron? Neutral (0).
What is the charge of an electron? Negative (–1).
Where are protons and neutrons located? Inside the nucleus.
Where are electrons located? In orbital shells around the nucleus.
What is the atomic number (Z)? The number of protons in the nucleus.
What does the atomic number determine? The element’s identity.
What is the atomic mass number (A)? The total number of protons and neutrons.
What is an isotope? Atoms with the same Z but different A (different neutrons).
What is an isobar? Atoms with different Z but same A.
What is an isotope used for? Nuclear medicine, radiopharmaceuticals, radiation therapy.
What is an isomer? Atoms with same Z and A but different energy states.
What is ionization? The removal or addition of an electron from an atom.
What is an ion? An atom with a net charge due to electron gain or loss.
What is a positively charged ion called? Cation.
What is a negatively charged ion called? Anion.
What force keeps electrons in orbit around the nucleus? Centripetal force (electrostatic attraction).
What force prevents electrons from collapsing into the nucleus? Centrifugal force (inertia).
What determines the binding energy of an electron? Its distance from the nucleus and the number of protons.
Which shell has the highest binding energy? The K-shell (closest to nucleus).
What is electron binding energy measured in? Kiloelectron volts (keV).
Which elements have higher electron binding energies? Elements with higher atomic numbers.
What is the octet rule? Atoms tend to be chemically stable with 8 electrons in the outer shell.
What causes chemical bonding? The sharing or transfer of valence electrons.
What are valence electrons? Electrons in the outermost shell that determine chemical reactivity.
What is ionic bonding? Bonding through electron transfer between atoms.
What is covalent bonding? Bonding through electron sharing between atoms.
What is the periodic table organized by? Atomic number and chemical properties.
What do groups (columns) on the periodic table represent? Elements with similar chemical properties (same valence electrons).
What do periods (rows) on the periodic table represent? Elements with the same number of electron shells.
What is the smallest unit of a compound? A molecule.
What is radioactivity? The spontaneous emission of particles or energy from unstable nuclei.
What is a radionuclide? An atom with an unstable nucleus.
What is a radioactive half-life? The time for half of a radioactive substance to decay.
What is alpha decay? Emission of 2 protons and 2 neutrons from a nucleus.
What is beta decay? Neutron converts to a proton with emission of a beta particle.
What is gamma emission? Release of excess nuclear energy without changing Z or A.
Which type of radiation is most penetrating? Gamma rays.
Which type of radiation is least penetrating? Alpha particles.
Which radiation poses greatest hazard when ingested or inhaled? Alpha particles.
Which radiation is used in PET imaging? Positron emission.
What is an electron volt (eV)? Unit of energy equal to the kinetic energy gained by an electron moving through 1 volt.
What is a stable atom? An atom with equal numbers of protons and electrons.
What causes atomic instability? An imbalance in the neutron-to-proton ratio.
What is nuclear binding energy? Energy that holds the nucleus together.
Which subatomic particle determines the chemical behavior of an atom? Electrons, specifically valence electrons.
Created by: user-1983814
 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards