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BIO TEST MUSCLE

QuestionAnswer
neuromuscular junction transmission from nerve to muscle, making it contract - acetylcholine released by axons, impulses are sent across cleft into muscle - where nerve innervates the muscle
muscle contraction - heads of myosin attach to knobs of actin w/ ADP - to stop it, ATP removes heads off of actin - ADP makes contraction, ATP stops contraction
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic aerobic - the normal way to make energy with oxygen anaerobic - happens in cytoplasm, fermentation, lactic acid
muscle fatigue and cramping muscle fatigue - when you overwork muscles and they can no longer contract correctly cramping - contraction is stuck, sustained, uncontrolled
slow fibers (twitch) vs fast fibers (twitch) slow - muscles you don't want to fatigue, ex: blood vessels, smooth muscle fast - majority of muscles, involved in rapid movement
atrophy vs hypertrophy atrophy - muscles decrease in size and due to disuse hypertrophy - muscles grow in size
isotonic vs isometric isotonic - "same tension" - biceps/triceps, one extends, one shortens isometric - contracting a muscle for a long period of time
muscle types smooth - involuntary found in internal organs, digestive cardiac - involuntary, has striations, found in heart skeletal - voluntary, has striations, attached to bone
origin vs. insertion origin - part of muscle that's less movable insertion - part of muscle that's more movable
interactions of of skeletal muscles (agonist, synergists, antagonists) agonist (prime mover) - muscle making the movement happen synergists - help agonist to make movement happen antagonist - muscles that work opposite of each other (biceps/triceps)
MUSCLE NAMES - 8 ANTERIOR, 8 POSTERIOR ANTERIOR - frontalis, masseter, trapezius, deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, brachialis, rectos femoris POSTERIOR - temporalis, occipitalis, trapezius, deltoid, triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus
filaments myosin - thick filament, has heads on it actin - thin, and it has knobs on it
Light (I) Band Has only actin, makes striations
Dark (A) Band Has myosin and actin, makes striations
H Zone (Re: sarcomere) just myosin, middle section of A band
Z line (Re: sarcomere) outside of sarcomere, zigzag border
M line (Re: sarcomere) very middle of myosin, middle of A band, middle of H-zone
Created by: user-1998695
 

 



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