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Evelyn Carrillo

7-13 week

TermDefinition
Ligand-gated ion channel A protein in the cell membrane that opens when a chemical (ligand) binds to it, allowing ions to flow in or out.
What starts a nerve signal? A change in membrane potential that reaches threshold and triggers an action potential.
CNS (Central Nervous System) The brain and spinal cord; processes information.
PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) All nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; sends signals to and from the CNS.
What is the difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems? Somatic controls voluntary movement; autonomic controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion.
Endocrine gland A gland that releases hormones directly into the bloodstream.
What do hormones do? They act as chemical messengers that help regulate body functions like growth, metabolism, and stress response.
Pulmonary circulation The flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back, where blood gets oxygen.
Systemic circulation The flow of oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body and back.
What is the role of the lymphatic system? It returns fluid to the blood and helps defend the body through immune responses.
Gas exchange The swapping of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream.
How does lung volume change when we breathe in? The diaphragm contracts and moves downward, making the chest cavity larger so air flows in.
Digestion The breakdown of food into smaller pieces the body can use.
How are fats absorbed in the digestive system? They are packaged into structures called chylomicrons and transported through the lymphatic system.
Created by: user-1992997
 

 



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