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Science energy vocab

TermDefinition
Convection The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas (ex: boiling water in a pan.)
The Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy in a closed system always stays the same.
Radiation The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves such as visible light an infrared waves (ex: sun, heater)
Work the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force (w = F x d)
Sound energy Vibrations carried through the air
Energy the ability to do work (expressed in units of Joules)
Nuclear Energy Energy from changes in the nucleus of an atom (ex: H nuclei joins to make He in fusion, splitting of uranium in fission)
Thermal Expansion Increase the volume of a substance because of the increase in temperature
Kinetic Energy The energy of an object that is do to the object's motion (1/2 x m x v2)
Thermal Conduction the transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another through direct contact
Potential Energy stored energy
Gravitational Energy the energy an object has because of position (GPE = W x H)
Mechanical Energy the total energy of position and motion (TME = PE + KE)
Thermal Energy The TOTAL Kinetic energy of particles that make up an object (the higher the Temp...the higher of this type of energy) (the more substance you have, the more of this type of energy). Energy before or after transfer
Temperature A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object (doesn't depend on how much substance you have). The amount of vibration
Heat The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures (energy as it's being transferred)
Light energy Nature's way of transferring energy through space. Electromagnetic Radiation
Chemical energy Energy of a compound. A form of potential energy.
Absolute zero The temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum (0 K on the Kelvin scale and -273C on the Celsius scale)
Created by: user-2007323
 

 



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