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Digestion&Absorption

QuestionAnswer
What is digestion? The process of breaking food down into smaller molecules the body can use.
What is absorption? The movement of digested nutrients from the GI tract into the blood or lymph.
Where does mechanical digestion begin? In the mouth through chewing.
What enzyme in saliva begins carbohydrate digestion? Salivary amylase.
What is peristalsis? Wave-like muscle contractions that move food down the digestive tract.
What is the function of the stomach? To mix food with acid and enzymes to form chyme.
What enzyme in the stomach breaks down proteins? Pepsin.
What protects the stomach lining from acid? Mucus.
Which organ produces bile? The liver.
What does bile do? It emulsifies fats, breaking them into smaller droplets.
Which organ stores bile? The gallbladder.
Where does most digestion and absorption occur? The small intestine.
What are the three parts of the small intestine? Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
What is the role of pancreatic enzymes? They digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
What is the function of villi and microvilli? They increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
How are carbohydrates absorbed? As monosaccharides into the bloodstream.
How are proteins absorbed? As amino acids into the bloodstream.
How are fats absorbed? As fatty acids and monoglycerides into lymphatic lacteals.
What does the large intestine do? Absorbs water, electrolytes, and forms feces.
What is the gut microbiota? Beneficial bacteria in the large intestine that help break down undigested food and produce vitamins.
Created by: user-1991063
 

 



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