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Digestive system

TermDefinition
Oral Cavity The mouth; where food enters and chewing and saliva begin digestion.
Pharynx The throat; moves food from the mouth to the esophagus.
Epiglottis A flap that closes over the airway to keep food out when you swallow.
Esophagus A muscular tube that moves food from the throat to the stomach.
Stomach A muscular pouch that churns food and mixes it with acid and enzymes.
Small Intestine A long tube where most digestion and nutrient absorption happens.
Duodenum First part of the small intestine; breaks down food using enzymes.
Jejunum Middle part of the small intestine; absorbs most nutrients.
Ileum Last part of the small intestine; absorbs leftover nutrients.
Cecum First part of the large intestine; connects small intestine to colon.
Large Intestine Absorbs water and forms solid waste.
Ascending Colon Moves waste upward on the right side of the body.
Transverse Colon Moves waste across the abdomen.
Descending Colon Moves waste downward on the left side of the body.
Sigmoid Colon S-shaped section that stores waste before the rectum.
Rectum Stores waste until it leaves the body.
Anus Opening where waste exits the body.
Salivary Glands Make saliva to start breaking down food.
Teeth Break food into smaller pieces.
Tongue Helps move food, taste, and swallow.
Uvula Small tissue at the back of the throat; helps with swallowing and speech.
Liver Makes bile and helps process nutrients and filter toxins.
Pancreas Releases digestive enzymes into the small intestine.
Appendix Small pouch off the cecum; may help support gut bacteria.
Upper Esophageal Sphincter Controls food entering the esophagus from the throat.
Lower Esophageal (Cardiac) Sphincter Prevents stomach acid from moving upward.
Pyloric Sphincter Controls food leaving the stomach into the small intestine.
Created by: user-1898591
 

 



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