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Genetics

TermDefinition
allele alternate form of gene
autosome chromosome that does not have an affect on sex of individual
carrier a person who is heterozygous for a gene is said to be a carrier of the recessive gene
chloroplast membrane bound organelle found in plant cells used in photosynthesis
chromosome structure made of DNA and protein which can be inherited
diploid(2n) two copies of each chromosome
dominant allele allele expressed in heterozygous state
fertilisation fusion of male gamete nucleas with female gamete nucleas to produce diploid zygote
gamete haploid sex cell capable of fusion
genotype genetic make up of the organism
haploid(n) One copy of each chromosome
heredity passing of traits using genes from one gen to the next
heterozygous different alleles for a trait
homozygous same alleles for a trait
incomplete dominance neither allele masks expression of the other
Linked genes genes for different traits are contained on same chromosome and tend to be inherited together
locus position of gene in a chromosome
mitochondrion membrane bound structure found in cell. site of aerobic respiration
monohybrid cross gene cross where trait is being examined
non nuclear DNA Dna not contained in nucleas that is passed from one gen to the next
phenotype physical appearance of organism and is produced by the interactions of genotype and environment
punnett square mathematical device used to show all possible genotypes of genetic crosses
pure breeding organisms that always produce offspring identical to themselves and are homozygous for a trait
recessive allele allele only expressed in homozygous state
sex chromosome chromosome that has a role in determining sex of individual
sex linked genes genes found on x or y chromosome
somatic cell forming the body of organism
zygote diploid cell formed by the fusion of two gametes
DNA nucleic acid that forms the genetic material found in most organisms
DNA profile process of making a pattern of bands from a persons DNA to compare with other DNA pattern
Created by: cilly
 

 



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