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Earthq. & Volcanoes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earthquakes | Ground movements that occur when blocks of rock in the Earth move suddenly and release energy. |
| Mercalli Scale | A scientific scale for measuring the intensity of an earthquake's effects a specific location. |
| Tsunami | A series of extremely long waves that can travel across the ocean at speeds of up to 800 km/h. |
| Richter Scale | A scientific scale for measuring the magnitude of an earthquake based on the amplification of seismic waves. (Recorded by a seismograph.) |
| Aftershocks | Small earthquakes that occur in the main earthquake's area. |
| Fault | A crack in the Earth's crust alongside the movement of rock chunks. |
| P waves (Primary waves) | Squeezes rock in the same direction the wave is travelling. |
| S waves (Secondary waves) | The moving of rock side to side. |
| Seismology | The study of seismic waves and seismology. |
| Landslide | The movement of a mass of rock, debris, or the Earth down a slope by gravity. |
| Volcano | An opening within a planet where molten rock, gas, and ash erupt from beneath the surface, often leading up to the formation of a mountain. |
| Epicenter | The point on the Earth's surface directly above the origin of an earthquake. |
| Seismograph | A scientific instrument that measures, records and analyzes the details of earthquakes; often relating to force and duration. |
| Focus | A point where light, sound, and energy converge. |
| Ring of Fire | A string of volcanoes amongst seismic activity or earthquakes, located around the edges of the Pacific Coean. |
| Liquefaction | When loose soil behaves like a fluid while losing strength. (Due to stress and shaking from earthquake activity.) To summarize: The transition of a solid substance to a liquid. |