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Meiosis
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is meiosis? | The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosomes, are produced |
| Diploid (2n) to | Haploid (n) |
| What kind of reproduction is meiosis? | Sexual reproduction |
| How many divisions of meiosis is there? | 2 (meiosis I and meiosis II) |
| Sex cells divide to produce what? | Gametes (sperm or egg) |
| Do gametes have half or all of the chromosomes? | Half |
| Where does meiosis occur? | Gonads (testes or ovaries) |
| What happens during Interphase I? | The chromosomes replicate into the s phase, each duplicated chromosome consist of two identical sister chromatids, and the centriole pairs also replicate |
| What does Interphase I look like? | Nucleus and nucleolus visible. |
| What happens during Prophase I? | The chromosomes condense, the homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad(two chromosomes or four chromatids, sister and non sister) |
| What is crossing over? | segments of nonsister chromatids break and reattach to the other chromatid |
| What is chiasmata (chiasma)? | where chromosomes touch each other and exchange genes (crossing over) |
| Crossing over contributes to? | Genetic diversity and causes genetic recombination |
| What does Prophase I look like? | Nucleus & nucleolus disappear, spindle fibers appear, and tetrads form, you can also see centrioles |
| What happens during Metaphase I? | Tetrads align on the equator and independent assortment occurs (chromosomes separate randomly causing genetic recombination) |
| What does Metaphase I look like? | Homologs line up at equator or metaphase plate |
| What happens during Anaphase I? | Homologous chromosomes separate and move towards the poles and the sister chromatids remain attached at centromeres |
| What does Anaphase I look like? | Homologs separate |
| What happens during Telophase I? | Each pole has haploid (1n) set of chromosomes and cytokinesis occurs and two haploid daughter cells are formed |
| What does Telephase I look like? | Two haploid daughter cells |
| What happens during Meiosis phase II? | Sister Chromatids seperate |
| Is there a second interphase in Meiosis? | There is not and there is no DNA replication |
| What happens during Prophase II? | Chromosomes condense and spindle forms and is the same as prophase in mitosis |
| What does Prophase II look like? | Nucleus & nucleolus disappear and you can see spindle fiber start to form |
| What happens during Metaphase II? | Same as Metaphase in mitosis |
| What does Metaphase II look like? | Chromosomes(not homologs) line up at equator |
| What happens in Anaphase II? | Same as Anaphase in mitosis |
| What does Anaphase II look like? | Sister chromatids separate |
| What happens during Telophase II? | Same as Telophase in mitosis, cytokinesis occurs, four haploid daughter cells are produced (gametes) |
| What does Telophase II look like? | Nuclei and Nucleoli reform, spindle disappears |
| 1n sperm cell fertilizes 1n egg to form what? | 2n zygote |
| What is a zygote? | A fertilizes egg |
| What is a karyotype? | An organized picture of the chromosomes of a human arranged in pairs by size from largest to smallest (1-22 are autosomes, last pair are sex cells) |
Created by:
SamanthaMallon