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BIOLOGY 10 5 VOCAB

MR. LARSON

QuestionAnswer
Zygote when a sperm cell and an egg cell fuse to form a cell
Cell Cycle regular pattern of growth, DNA, duplication, and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells
Interphase known as the resting stage in the cell cycle
Mitosis known as the division stage in the cell cycle.
Cytokinesis Mitosis includes a final step for complete cell division
G1 Cells grow, carry out normal functions, and replicate their organelles
G2 Additional growth occurs
G0 G zero Stage cells that divide rarely are thought to enter a gap phase called G0. These cells continue to carry out every day functions
Cell Theory theory that states that all organisms are made of cells, all cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is the most basic unit of life.
3 Principles of the Cell Theory - All organisms are made of cells - All existing cells are produced by other living cells - The cell is the most basic unit of life.
DNA the genetic material that contains information that determines an organism's inherited characteristics.
Chromosome long, continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes and regulatory information.
Binary Fission stars when the bacterial chromosomes is copied.
Cell Differentiation process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure and function during the development of a multicellular organism.
Stem Cells are a unique type of body cell that can develop in to a variety of specialized cells through Differentiation.
Gene is a segment of DNA that stores genetic information
Centrosomes Its primary role is to organize microtubules to form the mitotic spindle, a structure essential for properly separating chromosomes during cell division (mitosis).
Mircrotubules tiny, hollow, tube-like structures in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that help maintain the cell's shape, move organelles, and separate chromosomes during cell division
Prophase Phase of Mitosis- chromosomes condense. Nuclear envelope breaks down, centrioles begin to move to opposite poles, and spindle fibers form.
Metaphase Phase of Mitosis- Spindle fibers attach to the centromere of each chromosome. They align the chromosomes along the equator.
Anaphase Phase of Mitosis- Chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell. Cytokinesis usually begins in late anaphase or telophase.
Telophase Nuclear membranes start to form, chromosomes begin to uncoil and the spindle fibers fall apart.
Sexual Reproduction involves the joining of two specialized cells (egg and sperm cells )
Asexual Reproduction Offspring are genetically identical to the parent organism - single cell parent
Mitotic Reproduction is especially common in simpler plants and animals examples are budding, vegetative reproduction and fragmentation
Created by: maplelakesped
 



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