Question 1

water cycle

Accepted Answer

the continuous movement of water 
between the atmosphere, the land, the oceans, and 
living things.

Question 2

evaporation

Accepted Answer

the change of state from a liquid to a gas.

Question 3

transpiration

Accepted Answer

the process by which plants release 
water vapor into the air through stomata; also 
the release of water vapor into the air by other 
organisms.

Question 4

sublimation

Accepted Answer

the process in which a solid changes 
directly into a gas.

Question 5

condensation

Accepted Answer

the change of state from a gas to a liquid.

Question 6

precipitation

Accepted Answer

any form of 
water that falls to Earth’s surface from the clouds; 
includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

Question 7

weather

Accepted Answer

the natural process by which atmospheric 
and environmental agents, such as wind, rain, and 
temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose 
rocks.

Question 8

humidity

Accepted Answer

the amount of water vapor in the air.

Question 9

relative humidity

Accepted Answer

the
ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the
amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation
at a given temperature.

Question 10

dew point

Accepted Answer

at constant pressure and water vapor 
content, the temperature at which the rate of 
condensation equals the rate of evaporation.

Question 11

air pressure

Accepted Answer

the measure of the force with which air 
molecules push on a surface.

Question 12

wind

Accepted Answer

the movement of air caused by differences in air 
pressure.

Question 13

visiblity

Accepted Answer

the distance at which a given standard 
object can be seen and identified with the unaided 
eye.

Question 14

air mass

Accepted Answer

a large body of air throughout which 
temperature and moisture content are similar.

Question 15

front

Accepted Answer

the boundary between air masses of different 
densities and usually different temperatures.

Question 16

jet stream

Accepted Answer

a narrow band of strong winds that blow in
the upper troposphere.

Question 17

thunderstorm

Accepted Answer

a usually brief, heavy storm that 
consists of rain, strong winds, lightning, and 
thunder .

Question 18

lightning

Accepted Answer

an electric discharge that takes place
between two oppositely charged surfaces, such
as between a cloud and the ground, between two
clouds, or between two parts of the same cloud.

Question 19

thunder

Accepted Answer

the sound caused by the rapid expansion of
air along an electrical strike.

Question 20

hurricane

Accepted Answer

a severe storm that develops 
over tropical oceans and whose strong winds of 
more than 119 km/h spiral in toward the intensely 
low-pressure storm center.

Question 21

storm surge

Accepted Answer

a local rise in sea level near the shore 
that is caused by strong winds from a storm, such 
as those from a hurricane.

Question 22

tornado

Accepted Answer

a destructive, rotating column of air that has 
very high wind speeds and that may be visible as a 
funnel-shaped cloud.

Question 23

sinkhole

Accepted Answer

a circular depression that forms when rock 
dissolves, when overlying sediment fills an existing ​ cavity, or when the roof of an underground cavern 
or mine collapses

Question 24

wildfire

Accepted Answer

an unplanned fire in land that is 
undeveloped except for roads and power lines and 
other such structures .

Question 25

muck fire

Accepted Answer

a fire that burns organic material in the soil.

Question 26

climate

Accepted Answer

the weather conditions in an area over a long
period of time.

Question 27

latitude

Accepted Answer

the angular distance north or
south from the equator; expressed in degrees.

Question 28

topography

Accepted Answer

the size and shape of 
the land surface features of a region, including its 
relief.

Question 29

elevation

Accepted Answer

the height of an object above sea level.

Question 30

surface currents

Accepted Answer

a horizontal movement of ocean water 
that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near 
the ocean’s surface.

weather and climate

unit 11

Term	Definition
water cycle	the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, the oceans, and living things.
evaporation	the change of state from a liquid to a gas.
transpiration	the process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stomata; also the release of water vapor into the air by other organisms.
sublimation	the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas.
condensation	the change of state from a gas to a liquid.
precipitation	any form of water that falls to Earth’s surface from the clouds; includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail.
weather	the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents, such as wind, rain, and temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks.
humidity	the amount of water vapor in the air.
relative humidity	the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation at a given temperature.
dew point	at constant pressure and water vapor content, the temperature at which the rate of condensation equals the rate of evaporation.
air pressure	the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface.
wind	the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure.
visiblity	the distance at which a given standard object can be seen and identified with the unaided eye.
air mass	a large body of air throughout which temperature and moisture content are similar.
front	the boundary between air masses of different densities and usually different temperatures.
jet stream	a narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere.
thunderstorm	a usually brief, heavy storm that consists of rain, strong winds, lightning, and thunder .
lightning	an electric discharge that takes place between two oppositely charged surfaces, such as between a cloud and the ground, between two clouds, or between two parts of the same cloud.
thunder	the sound caused by the rapid expansion of air along an electrical strike.
hurricane	a severe storm that develops over tropical oceans and whose strong winds of more than 119 km/h spiral in toward the intensely low-pressure storm center.
storm surge	a local rise in sea level near the shore that is caused by strong winds from a storm, such as those from a hurricane.
tornado	a destructive, rotating column of air that has very high wind speeds and that may be visible as a funnel-shaped cloud.
sinkhole	a circular depression that forms when rock dissolves, when overlying sediment fills an existing cavity, or when the roof of an underground cavern or mine collapses
wildfire	an unplanned fire in land that is undeveloped except for roads and power lines and other such structures .
muck fire	a fire that burns organic material in the soil.
climate	the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time.
latitude	the angular distance north or south from the equator; expressed in degrees.
topography	the size and shape of the land surface features of a region, including its relief.
elevation	the height of an object above sea level.
surface currents	a horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean’s surface.

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