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Chapter 12 med terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| auto- = self -immune = immunity, im- mune response | an illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body |
| carcin/o = cancer -oma = tumor, mass | a cancerous growth that has not spread beyond its original location; also called stage 0 cancer |
| immun/o = immune, protected -logist = one who studies | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats allergies and immune system conditions |
| immun/o = immune, protected -logy = study of | the medical specialty related to the diagnosis and treatment of allergies and immune system conditions |
| lymphaden/o = lymph node -itis = inflammation | inflammation of the lymph nodes |
| lymphaden/o = lymph node -pathy = disease | swelling of the lymph nodes |
| lymph/o = lymph -edema = swelling | an abnormal buildup of lymph fluid in the body’s tissues, causing abnormal or excessive swelling |
| lymph/o = lymph -cyte = cell | a type of white blood cell that plays a role in boost- ing the body’s immune protection; B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells are subtypes |
| lymph/o = lymph -oma = tumor, mass | cancer of the lymphatic system; Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are two types |
| macro- = large -phage = one that eats | a type of white blood cell that surrounds and “eats” invading germs |
| meta- = change -static = pertaining to place | cancer that has moved from its original site to af- fect other areas or body systems; for many types of cancer, may also be called stage IV cancer |
| mono- = one -cyte = cell | a type of large white blood cell that detects and de- stroys invading germs |
| mono- = one nucle/o = nucleus -osis = abnormal condition | an illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with symptoms including extreme fatigue, sore throat, and fever; the condition is named for the large number of monocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the blood of an infected person; |
| myel/o = bone marrow, spinal cord -oma = tumor, mass | bone marrow cancer that affects B cells; may result in abnormal antibodies and an imbalance in normal blood components |
| onc/o = tumor -logist = one who studies | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats cancer |
| onc/o = tumor -logy = study of | the medical specialty related to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer |
| path/o = disease -gen = producing | a microorganism capable of causing infection and disease |
| sarc/o = flesh -oid = resembling -osis = abnormal condition | a chronic disease in which small masses form throughout the body, especially in the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and skin |
| splen/o = spleen -megaly = enlargement | enlargement of the spleen |
| tonsill/o = tonsil -itis = inflammation | inflammation of the tonsils |
| chem/o = chemical -therapy = treatment | a cancer treatment in which medications are given, usually intravenously, to destroy or stop the growth of cancer cells |
| immun/o = immune, protected -therapy = treatment | a general term for treatment that uses a person’s own immune system to fight disease; can be a form of cancer treatment |
| intra- = within derm/o = skin -al = pertaining to | a form of allergy testing in which a possible allergen is injected under the skin with a needle and syringe and the reaction monitored |
| lymphaden/o = lymph node -ectomy = surgical removal | the surgical removal of a lymph node or lymph nodes |
| lymphangi/o = lymph vessel -gram = record, image | an image of lymph vessels and nodes that is cre- ated by x-ray with a contrast dye |
| bi/o = life -opsy = visual inspection | a type of biopsy that can identify cancer metastasis; a sentinel node is the first lymph node where cancer cells are likely to spread from the original site |
| acquired immunodeficiency (IM-yoo-noh-di-FISH-en-see) syndrome | the final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms ap- pear due to a weakened immune system that is un- able to fight infection; also called AIDS |
| allergen (AL-uhr-jen) | something that causes an allergic reaction (abnor- mal immune system response to a normally harm- less substance) |
| anaphylaxis (AN-uh-fi-LAK-sis) | a dangerous allergic reaction that may cause swell- ing of the lips, tongue, and throat; also called ana- phylactic reaction |
| histamine (HIS-tuh-meen or HIS-tuh-min) | a chemical released by the immune system during allergic reactions that causes the dilation of capillar- ies, contraction of smooth muscle, and stimulation of gastric acid secretion |
| human immunodeficiency virus | a virus that attacks the body’s immune system and gradually disables it; eventually can cause AIDS; also called HIV |
| infectious disease doctor or specialist | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases caused by pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions (infectious proteins) |
| enzyme-linked immunosor- bent assay (IM-yoo-noh-SOR- bent [or im-YOO-noh-SOR- bent] uh-SAY [or A-say]) | a blood test that detects the presence of an antigen or antibody; one of the main diagnostic tests for many diseases, including HIV; also called ELISA or enzyme immunoassay (EIA) |
| epinephrine (EP-i-NEF-rin) | a hormone, also called adrenaline, that may be given as an emergency medication to treat anaphylaxis |
| manual lymphatic drainage | a form of massage therapy used to treat lymph- edema by helping to move excess fluid away from the extremities; also called lymphatic drainage massage |
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