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Chem Test 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What characteristic( number) did Mendeleev use to arrange his periodic table? | increasing atomic mass |
| what was Mendeleev able to do with his periodic table (hint: he left spaces on his periodic table)? | he was able to predict their existence and properties |
| Who changed the periodic table and what did her change in order to better reflect the periodicity? | Moseley changed it to the atomic number |
| Why are group 2 elements a little more stable that group 1 elements? | their outermost electron configuration is a filled ns2 orbital |
| What is the name of the elements found in group 17? | Halogens |
| What are 4 characteristics of Halogens | 1. 7 valence electrons 2. nonmetals 3. High reactivity 4. powerful oxidizing agents |
| What is the name of the elements found in group 1? | Alkali Metals |
| What are 4 characteristics of Alkali Metals? | 1. Highly Reactive 2. react with nonmetals 3. not found in nature 4. single valence electron |
| For the element Bromine what is the group, period, is it a: (nonmetal, metal or metalloid,) and the block | Group 17 period 4 nonmetal P block |
| what is an Ion | an atom that has a charge |
| what is a Cation | an atom that has lost one or more electrons |
| What is a Anion | negatively charged Ion |
| What are Valence electrons? | electron in the outermost shell of an atom |
| What is Ionization Energy | minimum energy required to remove an electron |
| What is electronegativity | The charge to which an element tends to gain electrons and form negative ions in chemical reactions |
| What is the most electronegative element on the periodic table? Why( two reasons)? | Fluorine because it is a small atom with a high nuclear charge and a full valence shell |
| What one has a larger radius? Cl- ,Br | Br |
| What one has a larger radius? Sn+2 ,Sn | Sn |
| What one has a larger radius? Cs, At | Cs |
| What one has a larger radius? P-3, P | P-3 |
| What happens to the size of the atomic radius as you go down the group? Why? | It gets larger because you are adding electrons |
| Name group 18 elements? What makes them so special compared to all the other elements? | Inert gasses, they have a full outer electron shell |
| Why is the ionic radius of nonmetals larger that the atomic radius? | When a nonmetal atom gains electrons to form a negative Ion; the added electron increase- electron- electron repolsion causing the electron cloud to expand |
| What are the d-block elements called? What are the primary characteristics of this block? | transitional metals: found in nature, good conductors, shiny, and malleable |
| How do they measure the radius of an atom? | by taking the distance between the nuclei of two identical bonded atoms and dividing that distance by two |
| Identify each of the following as a metal, nonmetal or metalloid a. oxygen b. barium c. germanium d. iron | a. nonmetal b. metal c. metalloid d. metal |
| Match a. alkali metals 1. group 18 b. halogens 2. group 1 c. alkaline earth metals 3. group 2 d. noble gasses 4. group 17 | a. group 1 b. group 17 c. group 2 d. group 18 |
| Why do the elements chlorine, used in laundry bleach, and iodine, a nutrient added to table salt, have similar chemical properties. | They have the same amount of outer electrons and same properties. |
| What electron configuration has the greatest stability | A full S and a full P because it has 8 outer electrons |
| Given any two elements within a group, is the element with the larger atomic number likely to have a larger or smaller atomic radius than the other element | larger atomic radius |
| Do any of the halogens have their valence electrons in orbitals of the same energy level? explain | No because they are not in the same energy level |
| An element forms a negative ion when ionized. On what side of the periodic table is the element located? Explain | the Right side because they want to go to 8 |
| Of the elements magnesium, calcium, and barium which forms the ion with the largest radius? The smallest? What periodic trend explains this? | Barium has the largest, smallest is magnesium, atomic radii |
| Explain why atomic radii decreases as you move from left to right across a period | Because they are stable |
| Which element has the larger ionization? a. Li, N b. Kr, Ne c. Cs, Li | a. N b. Ne c. Li |
| Explain why the radius of an atom cannot be measured directly. | There is not a clearly defined edge |
| Explain why each successive ionization of an electron requires a greater amount of energy | it takes more energy to get it out of the levels |
Created by:
jackmal27