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Cognition AP PSYCH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cognition | All forms of knowing and awareness (perceiving, remembering, etc.) |
| Heuristic | To solve a problem, finding an answer but the outcome might not be correct |
| Insight | A sudden obvious solution to a problem after trying many solutions |
| Phonemes | The smallest unit of sound to distinguish one word from another |
| Morphemes | The smallest unit of meaning in language |
| Semantics | How meaning and understanding is stored in the mind |
| Babbling Stage | Prespeech sounds, essentially a practice in vocalization |
| One-word Stage | Complex ideas expressed by one word by 10-18 month children |
| Two-word Stage | During 18-24 months, using two words to describe concepts |
| Telegraphic Speech | Speech where only key concepts are spoken (noun-verb) |
| General Intelligence | Overall mental ability, reasoning, problem-solving, learning |
| Savant Syndrome | One who has exceptional ability in one area while being less than in other areas |
| Emotional Intelligence | The ability to process emotional information using reasoning |
| Mental Age | A scale unit where an individual’s results in an iq test is divided by the common age-appropriate score, not used past age 14 |
| Intelligence Quotient (IQ) | A measure of one’s intelligence level based on psych tests |
| Aptitude Test | A way to assess potential to learn a new skill or area of learning |
| Achievement Test | A way to measure one’s skill or knowledge level on a subject |
| Concept | An idea that represents objects, events, or properties |
| Standardization | Establishing what is normal for a test/study |
| Normal Curve | Bell curve, symmetrical |
| Reliability | How trustworthy or consistent something is, free of random error |
| validity | Something being truthful, accurate, or a fact |
| Predictive Validity | Evidence from a study or test that correlates to proven fact or suspicion |
| Belief Perseverance | The tendency to believe something even if other information has proven it is correct if you have already believed in |
| Confirmation Bias | A tendency to gather information that confirms preexisting biases |
| Mental Set | Bias or framework that influences how someone approaches a problem |
| Functional Fixedness | Only perceiving an object for its most common use |
| Fixation | An preoccupation with a single idea, impulse, or aim |
| Availability Heuristic | A mental shortcut where people judge how likely an event is by how examples of that event come up in the mind |
| Representativeness Heuristic | Making judgements about a group based on how the average person in the group is |
| Intuition | Immediate insight or perception without full thought or reasoning |
| Framing | Defining issues or context around a question/problem/event to influence how it is perceived |
| Algorithm | A set of procedures or rules used to solve a problem or task |
| Prototype | The average object/event/person when thinking about a broad concept before it is specific |
| Syntax | A set of rules that describes how words and phrases are arranged into sentences |
| Content Validity | This is what can measure a sample of subject matter at a certain level |
| Construct Validity | The degree to which a test/instrument is able to measure a concept/trait/entity |
| Test – Retest Reliability | The measure of the same concept after a period of time |
| Split Half Reliability | This is a measure of consistency in surveys/tests which will split the test in half based on similar questions, if the results are similar, it is reliable |
| Benjamin Lee Whorf | Linguist, believed that structures of different languages shape of speakers perceive the world |
| Noam Chomsky | Linguist & Professor, Believes that humans are born with the ability to learn a language |
| Lewis Terman | Psychologist, measured talent and giftedness in children via eugenics |
Created by:
SadurnSchool