Question 1

Energy

Accepted Answer

the ability to cause change.
– Measured in Joules (J)

Question 2

Kinetic Energy:(KE)

Accepted Answer

energy in motion.

Question 3

KE

Accepted Answer

1⁄2 mv2

Question 4

Mass

Accepted Answer

measured in
(kg)

Question 5

Velocity

Accepted Answer

measured
in (m/s)

Question 6

A baseball with a mass of 0.15 kg is moving at a
speed of 40 m/s. What is the baseball’s kinetic
energy?

Accepted Answer

Answer: KE = 120 J

Question 7

If a stone has 390 J of energy and is moving with
a speed of 12 m/s, what is the mass of the stone?

Accepted Answer

Answer: m = 5.42 kg

Question 8

What is the velocity of a 0.06 kg ball moving with
75 J of energy?

Accepted Answer

Answer: v = 50 m/s

Question 9

Potential Energy:

Accepted Answer

stored energy

Question 10

3 types of potential
energy:

Accepted Answer

• Elastic potential energy• Chemical potential energy
• Gravitational potential energy

Question 11

Elastic Potential
Energy:

Accepted Answer

energy stored in objects being compressed or stretched. – Examples: • Bow and arrow • Spring • Slingshot

Question 12

Chemical
Potential Energy:

Accepted Answer

energy stored in chemical bonds of compounds.
– Examples: • Firewood • Battery • Food

Question 13

Gravitational Potential Energy: (GPE)

Accepted Answer

energy stored in objects that are above
Earth’s surface.

Question 14

GPE = ham

Accepted Answer

– Height measured in (m) – Acceleration due to gravity measured in (m/s2 ) – Mass measured in (kg).

Question 15

Law of Conservation of Energy:

Accepted Answer

energy can never be created or destroyed, it can
only change forms.

Question 16

Radiant:

Accepted Answer

light that comes from the sun and lightbulbs; used to see and as a
power source. Also referred to as: solar energy or light energy.

Question 17

Thermal:

Accepted Answer

heat that comes from fire, sun, etc.; used to heat objects

Question 18

Forms of Energy Electrical:

Accepted Answer

comes from outlets and power plants; used to power electrical
devices.

Question 19

Form of Energy Sound:

Accepted Answer

comes from a variety of sources; used most often for
communication

Question 20

Form of Energy Nuclear:

Accepted Answer

comes from releasing energy from the nucleus of an atom; used in nuclear power plants.

Question 21

Forms of Energy Electromagnetic:

Accepted Answer

form of energy that is reflected or emitted in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through space. Examples: Cell phone, radio, satellite, etc.

Question 22

Energy Transfers Examples

Accepted Answer

Chemical 🡪 light/thermal/sound         Solar 🡪 Electrical    Electrical🡪 Light

Question 23

Energy Transfers Examples

Accepted Answer

Electrical 🡪 electromagnetic (and light and sound) Solar 🡪 Chemical Kinetic 🡪 Sound

Question 24

Mechanical energy:

Accepted Answer

the total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system.
– In a falling object, GPE converts to KE as the object falls.

Question 25

Thermal Energy

Accepted Answer

the sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object. Increases as mass, increases as temperature
increases.

Question 26

Temperature:

Accepted Answer

a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object.
0

Question 27

Thermal energy

Accepted Answer

always flows from higher temperature objects to lower temperature objects.

Question 28

Heat

Accepted Answer

the transfer of energy from one object to another. Measured in Jules.

Question 29

Transfer of Thermal Energy

Accepted Answer

No such thing as "cold" When you feel cold you are simply feeling the absence of heat.

Question 30

Transfer of Thermal Energy CONDUCTION

Accepted Answer

Transfer of energy through the matter by direct contact of particles.

Question 31

Conductors

Accepted Answer

Solids are best conductors of heat. Particles are already so close together so contact is easy.

Question 32

Transfer of Thermal Energy CONVECTION

Accepted Answer

transfer of energy by movement of heated particles. Occurs in liquid and gases. Currents move heat from warmer to cooler parts of the substance.

Question 33

Transfer of Thermal Energy RADIATION

Accepted Answer

transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves. Occurs fastest in gases. Can be absorbed or reflected. Can travel through space and between molecules.

Question 34

Materials

Accepted Answer

some materials transfer heat well, and other do not.

Question 35

Conductors

Accepted Answer

materials that allow heat to flow easily. EX metals and skin

Question 36

Insulators

Accepted Answer

materials that do not allow heat to flow easily. EX air, wood, Styrofoam, plastic, fiberglass.

Question 37

Specific Heat

Accepted Answer

the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a material by 1 degree C or K. Specific to different types of material. Measured by calorimeter.

Nature of Energy

Vocabulary

Question	Answer
Energy	the ability to cause change. – Measured in Joules (J)
Kinetic Energy:(KE)	energy in motion.
KE	1⁄2 mv2
Mass	measured in (kg)
Velocity	measured in (m/s)
A baseball with a mass of 0.15 kg is moving at a speed of 40 m/s. What is the baseball’s kinetic energy?	Answer: KE = 120 J
If a stone has 390 J of energy and is moving with a speed of 12 m/s, what is the mass of the stone?	Answer: m = 5.42 kg
What is the velocity of a 0.06 kg ball moving with 75 J of energy?	Answer: v = 50 m/s
Potential Energy:	stored energy
3 types of potential energy:	• Elastic potential energy• Chemical potential energy • Gravitational potential energy
Elastic Potential Energy:	energy stored in objects being compressed or stretched. – Examples: • Bow and arrow • Spring • Slingshot
Chemical Potential Energy:	energy stored in chemical bonds of compounds. – Examples: • Firewood • Battery • Food
Gravitational Potential Energy: (GPE)	energy stored in objects that are above Earth’s surface.
GPE = ham	– Height measured in (m) – Acceleration due to gravity measured in (m/s2 ) – Mass measured in (kg).
Law of Conservation of Energy:	energy can never be created or destroyed, it can only change forms.
Radiant:	light that comes from the sun and lightbulbs; used to see and as a power source. Also referred to as: solar energy or light energy.
Thermal:	heat that comes from fire, sun, etc.; used to heat objects
Forms of Energy Electrical:	comes from outlets and power plants; used to power electrical devices.
Form of Energy Sound:	comes from a variety of sources; used most often for communication
Form of Energy Nuclear:	comes from releasing energy from the nucleus of an atom; used in nuclear power plants.
Forms of Energy Electromagnetic:	form of energy that is reflected or emitted in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through space. Examples: Cell phone, radio, satellite, etc.
Energy Transfers Examples	Chemical 🡪 light/thermal/sound Solar 🡪 Electrical Electrical🡪 Light
Energy Transfers Examples	Electrical 🡪 electromagnetic (and light and sound) Solar 🡪 Chemical Kinetic 🡪 Sound
Mechanical energy:	the total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system. – In a falling object, GPE converts to KE as the object falls.
Thermal Energy	the sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object. Increases as mass, increases as temperature increases.
Temperature:	a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object. 0
Thermal energy	always flows from higher temperature objects to lower temperature objects.
Heat	the transfer of energy from one object to another. Measured in Jules.
Transfer of Thermal Energy	No such thing as "cold" When you feel cold you are simply feeling the absence of heat.
Transfer of Thermal Energy CONDUCTION	Transfer of energy through the matter by direct contact of particles.
Conductors	Solids are best conductors of heat. Particles are already so close together so contact is easy.
Transfer of Thermal Energy CONVECTION	transfer of energy by movement of heated particles. Occurs in liquid and gases. Currents move heat from warmer to cooler parts of the substance.
Transfer of Thermal Energy RADIATION	transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves. Occurs fastest in gases. Can be absorbed or reflected. Can travel through space and between molecules.
Materials	some materials transfer heat well, and other do not.
Conductors	materials that allow heat to flow easily. EX metals and skin
Insulators	materials that do not allow heat to flow easily. EX air, wood, Styrofoam, plastic, fiberglass.
Specific Heat	the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a material by 1 degree C or K. Specific to different types of material. Measured by calorimeter.

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