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physiology 2

physiology week 7-13

QuestionAnswer
What hormone stimulates red blood cell production? Erythropoietin (EPO).
Name the types of white blood cells. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils.
What is depolarization? Membrane potential becomes less negative as Na+ enters the cell.
What is the role of the spinal cord? Conducts signals between brain and body; controls reflexes.
What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid? Cushions CNS, removes waste, and provides nutrients.
What are cranial nerves? Twelve pairs of nerves emerging from the brain.
Difference between somatic and autonomic fibers? Somatic = voluntary; autonomic = involuntary.
What is the adrenal medulla’s role in ANS? Releases epinephrine/norepinephrine for sympathetic responses.
Function of respiratory system? Gas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out).
Define vital capacity. Maximum volume of air exhaled after maximum inhalation.
Function of hemoglobin in Gas exchange? Binds O2 in lungs and releases it in tissues.
What is innate immunity? Non-specific defense present at birth.
What is adaptive immunity? Specific defense with memory (B and T cells).
Function of lymphatic system? Return interstitial fluid, absorb fats, support immunity.
Function of RBCs? Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Difference between atria and ventricles? Atria = receive blood; ventricles = pump blood out.
Define systole. Contraction of heart chambers.
Define diastole. Relaxation of heart chambers.
Function of hypothalamus? Regulates pituitary and homeostasis.
Function of parathyroid glands? Regulate blood calcium via PTH.
Function of adrenal cortex? Produces cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens.
Function of endocrine system? Regulate body processes via hormones.
What are the five traditional senses? Sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch.
What are additional senses? Temperature, pain, proprioception, balance.
What is the enteric nervous system? Network controlling the gastrointestinal tract.
What is hyperpolarization? Membrane potential becomes more negative than resting potential.
What are beta-2 adrenergic receptors? Cause bronchodilation and vasodilation.
What are alpha-1 adrenergic receptors? Cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure.
Function of pulmonary circulation? Carries blood to lungs for gas exchange.
Function of villi and microvilli? Increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
Created by: jayveejvr
 

 



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