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chp 6 anatomy/phys

QuestionAnswer
Cardiovascular System Circulates blood, oxygen, nutrients, and removes waste
Main parts of cardiovascular system Blood, heart, and blood vessels
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide using hemoglobin
White blood cells (leukocytes) Fight infection and defend the body
Platelets (thrombocytes) Help blood clot (hemostasis)
Plasma Liquid part of blood containing water, proteins, salts, hormones, and waste
Four plasma proteins Albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, prothrombin
Hemoglobin Protein in RBCs that carries oxygen
Blood types A, B, AB, O (based on antigens)
Rh factor Positive or negative blood type marker
Arteries Carry blood away from the heart
Veins Carry blood toward the heart
Capillaries Site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Arterioles Small branches of arteries
Venules Small vessels that lead to veins
Pericardium Sac that surrounds the heart
Epicardium Outer layer of the heart
Myocardium Thick muscular middle layer of the heart
Endocardium Inner lining of the heart
4 Chambers of the heart Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
Septum Wall separating right and left sides of the heart
Tricuspid valve Right atrioventricular valve (3 flaps)
Bicuspid (mitral) valve Left atrioventricular valve (2 flaps)
Pulmonary valve Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Aortic valve Between left ventricle and aorta
Pulmonary circulation Heart → Lungs → Heart
Systemic circulation Heart → Body → Heart
Cardiac circulation Blood supply to heart muscle
SA node Pacemaker of the heart
AV node Sends signal to ventricles
Bundle of His Electrical pathway after AV node
Purkinje fibers Cause ventricles to contract
Systole Ventricular contraction
Diastole Ventricular relaxation
Normal adult heart rate 60–90 bpm
Blood pressure Pressure of blood in arteries
Systolic pressure Top BP number (contraction)
Diastolic pressure Bottom BP number (relaxation)
Normal blood pressure range 90/60 – 140/90 mmHg
Sphygmomanometer Instrument used to measure blood pressure
Created by: ush
 

 



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