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SocialInequalityFina
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| temporary assistance for needy families up to 60 months; Roosevelt created it, as a program to help widows but expanded to single parents | AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) |
| AFDC eventually became this program instead under President Clinton - it provides temporary aid to families in need, like food stamps | TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) |
| a combination of extensive national social supports designed to decrease poverty and promote national well-being; lots of social programs | welfare state |
| tax cuts for wealthy, lack of regulations, free market; believed government should be minimal; public services are privatized | neoliberalism |
| a range of situations defined by a lack of stable, affordable housing | Housing insecurity |
| How do the ideologies of neoliberalism and welfare state clash? | Neoliberalism believes in taking care of yourself - "pull yourself up by your bootstraps" and work for what you get; welfare state provides aid to people who are poorer |
| the abilityto make someone do something through persuasion, threat, and reward | power and the state |
| either pluralism, elite structure, or structuralist | nature of the state |
| When White Flight happened, what did the populations of the inner cities look like? | African American |
| What was the Great Migration? | Many Blacks migrated from the south to cities for work in the industries |
| The era before neoliberalism; had more welfare programs and were concerned with keeping consumer demand high - the government stimulated the economy by lowering taxes to make people spend more money. | Keynesian era |
| type of segregation: what is actually happening in segregation; segregation that occurs through social patterns, economics, or private actions. ex. segregated neighborhoods leading to segragated schools | defacto segregation |
| type of segregation: "the law"; ex. Jim Crow Laws | de jure segregation |
| Differences in private and public schools | Private - more freedom and self-made choices/independence, more specialized classes/electives; public schools do opposite and categorize students and set them on unequal paths |
| What's the relationship between the revolving door and corruption? | When people in government get jobs in the industires they are supposed to be regulating (they wind up regulating themselves) |
| The League of Revolutionary Black Workers | workers were literally being worked to death, leaving them no choice but to go outside the system and have a wildcat strike (not an organized, negotiated strike); wives and children participated and spread the word |
| efforts by groups working beyond the confines of the formal political process to bring about social change (ex. equal treatment for black people) | social movements |
| the institutions that are professionalized to lead social movements (ex. Black Lives Matter) | SMOs |
| The government funds social movements; "The revolution will not be funded" (can be used to neutralize radical movements) | NGOization |
| Type of movement that is led by non-elites and is organic | Grass Roots |
| What caused housing insecurity? | started with redlining and gentrification |
| worldview that justifies the current social hierarchy and system | ideology |
| What was the first socialist movement? | Russian Revolution of 1917 - basically the entire west went against USSR |
| When well-off urbanites who are tired of long commutes move back into older central-city neighborhoods, buy up, and fix up old houses, driving up porperty values and displacing the poor in the process | gentrification |
| Around the world, the poorest comunities with the least access to services are those that are ______. | rural (it's more hidden than urban poverty) |
| Which is the most powerful way to assert power: persuasion, threat, or reward? | persuasion because people willingly choose to follow certain things |
| the region of the US along the Carolinas, northern Georgia, Alabama, Mississsippi, and Lousiana | the Black Belt |
| Type of nature of the state: democracy functions as it should; everyone in society has some form of representation within the state regardless of their class | pluralism |
| Type of nature of the state: elites seek to keep power within their social group and only seek out other eleites; serve their own self-interests on a personal level | elite structure/elite networks |
| Type of nature of the state: state is a little separate from the elites/industries/capitalists; sometimes go against capitalists to preserve the state | structuralist |
| What are the main points of the findings of the Billionaire Wilderness | billionaires aren't actually concerned with preserving the wilderness, they just want to preserve their favorite vacation spots; they get tax breaks off the land & make money off their investments; more about being seen as good in the eyes of the public |
| Rich people like to support causes that directly benefit them instead of real important _________ issues. | systemic |
| The shift back to investment and living in the cities (gentrification), has left the suburbs in more poverty because | inner city poor are being pushed out to suburbs with gentrification |
| T/F: In the 20th century, you saw Blacks in inner cities and Whites in the suburbs, but in the 21st century, you see the opposite. | true |
| What is the role of short-term rentals (like Airbnbs)? | Eats up the housing market - takes affordable housing and rents them out to wealthier tourists instead of renting to tenants |
| What types of businesses dominate inner cities after industries left for overseas? | FIRE - Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate (also tourism, higher education, and health insurance) |
| How do we see de jure segregation today? | race and class lines |
| the process of class differentiation along racial lines | racial capitalism |
| Name two ways we see inequalities in education: | hidden curriculum and tracking |
| What are some of the hidden curriculums for women? | Dress code; learning how to be a mom and wife/housekeeper; women aren't socialized to be driven in a career |
| What is the main funder of schools in America? | local property taxes |
| During the Great Depression, homeless lived in shantytowns nicknamed __________ after the president at the time. | Hoovervilles (president was Herbert Hoover) |
| When Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) became president, he called for a _____ ______, targeted at helping unemployed, poor farmers, minorities, and anyone else who needed it. | New Deal |
| True/False: To get people off of public assistance, FDR created the Public Works programs to employ men and youth in need of work. | True |
| What's a Right to Work state? | workers have to opt in to join a union; can be fired for any cause and don't have to be given a reason |
| What was the name of the program FDR established to establish a retirement program to ensure older people would have income in their older years? | Social Security Act of 1935 |
| Type of movement that is manufactured, non-organic, and top down | astroturf movement |
| majority of us are working but still not making enough to sustain living adequately. this is called _____ _____. | working poor |