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Classical Civ - II
Vocab terms and definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aristocracy | An upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed from one generation to another |
| Tyrant | A ruler who seized power by force from the aristocrats, gained support from the newly rich and the poor, and maintained power by using hired soldiers and fighting tactics |
| Dictator | An absolute ruler |
| Oligarchy | “the rule of the few”; a form of government in which a select group of people exercises control |
| Direct Democracy | A system of government in which the people participate directly in government decision making through mass meetings |
| Acropolis | in the early Greek city |
| Civil Service | the administrative service of a government, not including the armed forces, in which appointments are determined by competitive examination |
| Philosophy | an organized system of thought from the Greek meaning “love of wisdom” |
| Plebian | in the Roman Republic, a social class made up of minor landholders, craftspeople, merchants and small farmers |
| Patrician | a wealthy, powerful landowner |
| Consul | A chief executive officer in the Roman Republic |
| Reincarnation | the rebirth of an individuals soul in a different form after death |
| Karma | in Hinduism, the force generated by a persons actions that determines how the person will be reborn in the next life |
| Dharma | in Hinduism, the divine law that rules karma; it requires all people to do their duty based on their status in society |
| Nirvana | in Buddhism, ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul |
| Vedas | the earliest known Indian literature, which contains religious chants and stories that were originally passed down orally from generation to generation and then recorded in Sanskrit after writing developed |
| Age of Pericles | the period between 461 BC and 429 BC when Pericles dominated Athenian politics and Athens reached the height of its power |
| Socratic Method | the method of teaching used by the Greek philosopher Socrates; it employs a question and answer format to lead pupils to see things for themselves by using their own reason |
| Hellenistic Era | the age of Alexander the Great; period when the greek language and ideas were carried to the non |
| Monarchy | government by a sovereign ruler such as a king or queen |
| Alliance | An agreement between two or more groups |
| Imperialism | Establishing control over foreign lands and people |
| Province | Land outside the city of Rome that was controlled by the Roman government |
| Gaul | Region in Europe that is now France |
| Carthage | A powerful city state on the northern coast of Africa |
| Sect | A subgroup with distinct beliefs from a larger religious group |
| Martyr | One who suffers and dies for their beliefs |
| Legion | Roman military unit consisting of 5000 foot soldiers |
| Pope | Bishop of Rome, later the head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Mercenary | Soldiers serving in a foreign army for pay |
| Pax Romana | Period of great advancement and prosperity in the Roman Empire |
| Rise and Fall | Concept of describing the rise and fall of great empires |
| Engineering | The application of science and mathematics to develop useful structures and machines |
Created by:
zboenig