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Matter
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solid: | closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume. A. Types of Solids: |
| Crystalline solids: | particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals. Example: salt, sugar, and snow. |
| Amorphous solids: | particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber. |
| Liquid: | particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape. A. Properties of Liquids: |
| Surface Tension: | An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together. |
| Viscosity: | A liquids’s resistance to flowing. Example: Honey has a high viscosity. |
| Gas: | particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases has no definite shape or definite volume. |
| Pressure: | gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area. |
| Temperature: | the higher the temperature the faster particles moving. |
| Melting: | When a solid changes to a liquid |
| Melting point: | the temperature at which a substance melts. |
| Freezing: | When a liquid changes to a solid |
| Freezing point: | the temperature when a substance freezes. |
| Vaporization: | When a liquid changes to a gas |
| Evaporation: | takes place only on the surface of the liquid. |
| Boiling: | When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface. |
| Boiling Point: | Temperature at which a liquid boils |
| Condensation: | When a gas changes to a liquid. |
| Sublimation: | When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas. |
| Charles’s Law: | When the temperature of a gas at a constant pressure is increased the volume is increased, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is decreased. |
| Directly proportional: | as one amount increases, another amount increases at the same rate. |
| Boyles Law: | When the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased the volume is decreases, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is increases. |
| Inversely proportional: | When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases. |